Publication List Olaf Wiest
1990-1995
1.
A. Gieseler,
2.
A. Gieseler, E. Steckhan,
O.Wiest, F. Knoch: “Photochemically Induced Radical Cation
Diels-Alder Reaction of Indole and Electron-Rich Dienes” J. Org. Chem.
1991, 56, 1405-1411.
3.
O.Wiest,
4.
O. Wiest, E. Steckhan: “Electron Transfer
Catalyzed Diels-Alder-Reactions with 2-Vinylindoles” Angew. Chem. 1993, 105, 932-934; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1993,
32, 901-903.
5.
O. Wiest, E. Steckhan: “Radical Cation Diels-Alder Reaction of Indoles
and Exocyclic Dienes” Tetrahedron Lett.
1993, 34, 6391-6394.
6.
O. Wiest, A. Gieseler,
7.
O. Wiest, K.N. Houk: “Condensation and
Commentary on: Crystal structures of the monofunctional chorismate mutase from Bacillus subtilis and its complex with a transition state
analog (Y.M. Chook, H. Ke and W.N. Lipscomb Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1993, 90, 8600)” Chemtracts 1994,
7, 45-48.
8.
O. Wiest, K.A. Black, K.N. Houk: “Density
Functional Theory Isotope Effects and Activation Energies for the Cope and Claisen Rearrangements”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 10336-10337.
9.
O. Wiest, K.N. Houk; “On the
10.
O. Wiest, K.N. Houk, K.A. Black, B.E. Thomas
IV: “Secondary Kinetic Isotope Effects of Diastereotopic
Protons in Pericyclic Reactions. A New Mechanistic
Probe” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995,
117, 8594-8599.
11.
O. Wiest, K.N.Houk: “Stabilization of the
1996-2000
12.
O. Wiest: “DFT Studies of the Methanol Radical Cation
Hypersurface” J.
Mol. Struct. (THEOCHEM) 1996,
368, 39-48.
13.
O. Wiest, K.
14.
O. Wiest, D. C. Montiel, K. N. Houk: “Quantum Mechanical Methods and the Elucidation of Pericyclic Reaction Mechanisms: Interpretations and
Predictions” J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 8377-8388.
15.
K.N. Houk, M. Nendel,
O. Wiest, J. Storer: “The Vinylcyclopropane-Cyclopentene
Rearrangement: A Prototype Thermal Rearrangement Involving Competing Diradical Concerted and Stepwise Mechanisms” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 10545-10546.
16.
O. Wiest: “Ab Initio Studies of Ring Opening of the Cyclobutene Radical Cation” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7513-7519.
17.
O. Wiest, A. J. Largoza: “Electrostatic
Potential Surfaces for the Thymine Dimer and It's Radical Ions: Insights into Binding and Catalysis” Internet J. Sci.-Biol.
Chem. 1997, 1 (electronic publication).
18.
P. Kast, Y. B. Terawi,
O. Wiest D. Hilvert, K. N. Houk,
R. N. Goldberg: “Thermodynamics of the Conversion of Chorismate
to Prephenate: Experimental Results and Theoretical
Predictions.” J. Phys. Chem. B, 1997, 101, 10976-10982.
19.
K. Kawamura, M. Shang, O. Wiest, T. P. Fehlner:
“Synthesis and Structure of
20.
J. Amaudrut, D. J. Pasto, O. Wiest:
“Theoretical Studies of the Sulfenate-Sulfoxide
Rearrangement” J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 6061-6064.
21.
O. Wiest: “Ab Initio Calculations of Organic
Transition Structures” In: The Encyclopedia of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 5”
P. v. R. Schleyer; N. L. Allinger,
T. Clark, J. Gasteiger, P. A. Kollman,
H. F. Schaefer III, P. R. Schreiner. (Eds.); John Wiley & Sons:
22.
D. J. Gustin,
P. Mattei, P. Kast, O.
Wiest, L. Lee, W. W. Cleland, D. Hilvert: “Heavy atom
isotope effects reveal a highly dissociative transition state for chorismate mutase” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 1756-1757.
23.
D. B. Sanders, O. Wiest: “A Model of the Enzyme-Substrate Complex of
DNA Photolyase and Photodamaged
DNA.” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 5127-5134.
24.
G. D. Reddy; O. Wiest, T. Hudlicky, V.
Schapiro, D. Gonzales: “Electron Transfer Catalyzed [2+2] Cycloreversion
of Benzene Dimers” J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 2860-2863.
25.
U. Haberl, E. Steckhan,
O. Wiest: “Theoretical Studies of the Radical Cation
Diels-Alder Reaction” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 6730-6736.
26.
U. Haberl, E. Steckhan,
O. Wiest, S. Blechert: “Electron Transfer Catalyzed
Diels-Alder Reactions of Vinylindoles with Exocyclic Dienes” Chemistry - Europ.
J.1999, 5, 2859-2865.
27.
O. Wiest: “On the Structure and [2+2] Cycloreversion
of the Cyclobutane Radical Cation”
J. Phys. Chem. A 1999 103, 7907-7911.
28.
J. Oxgaard, O.
Wiest: ”The Vinylcyclopropane
Radical Cation Rearrangement and Related Reactions on
the C5H8•+ Hypersurface”
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 11531-11537.
29.
D. A. Plattner,
D. Feichtinger, J. El-Bahraoui,
O. Wiest: “Coordination Chemistry of Manganese-Salen
Complexes Studied by Electrospray Tandem Mass
Spectrometry: The Significance of Axial Ligands” Intl. J. Mass. Spectrom.
2000, 195, 351-362.
30.
M. Nendel, D. Sperling, O. Wiest, K. N. Houk:
“Computational Explorations of Vinylcyclopropane-Cyclopentene
Rearrangements and Competing Diradical Stereoisomerizations” J.
Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 3259-3268.
31.
N. J. Saettel,
O. Wiest: “[1,5]-H Shifts: Pentadienes
and Beyond” J. Org. Chem. 2000,
65, 2331-2336.
32.
J. Amaudrut, O.
Wiest: “The Thermal Sulfenate-Sulfoxide
Rearrangement: A Radical Pair Mechanism” J.
Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 3367-3374.
33.
J. Amaudrut, O. Wiest: “Epoxide
Formation by Ring Closure of the Cinnamyloxy Radical”
Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 1251-1254.
34.
K. Schroeter,
D. Schröder, H. Schwarz, G. D. Reddy, O. Wiest, C. Carra, T. Bally: “Ion Chemistry of anti-o,o’-Dibenzene” Chemistry-Europ. J. 2000, 6, 4422-4430.
35.
D. J. Swinarski, O. Wiest: “Substituent
Effects in Pericyclic Reactions of Radical Cations: The Ring Opening of 3-Substituted Cyclobutene Radical Cations” J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 6708-6714.
2001-2005
36.
N. Saettel, J. Oxgaard, O. Wiest: “Pericyclic
Reactions of Radical Cations” Europ J. Org. Chem. 2001, 1429-1439.
37.
J. El-Bahraoui,
O. Wiest, D. Feichtinger, D. Plattner:
“Rate Enhancement and Enantioselectivity in the
Jacobsen-Katsuki Reaction: The Significance of the
Sixth Coordination Site” Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed. Engl. 2001, 40, 2073-2076.
38.
U. H. Hirt, M. F. H. Schuster, A. N. French,
O. Wiest, T. Wirth: “Chiral Hypervalent
Iodine Compounds” Europ. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 6, 1569-1579.
39.
J. Peller, O. Wiest, P. V. Kamat: “Radiolysis and Sonolysis
of 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic
Acid in Aqueous Solutions.•OH Radical
Mediated Degradation” J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 3176-3181.
40.
N. J. Saettel, O. Wiest: “DFT Study of the
[2+2] Cycloreversion of Uracil
Dimer Anion Radical: Waters Matter” J Am. Chem. Soc.2001, 123, 2693-2694.
41.
B. T. Shireman, M. J. Miller, M. Jonas, O.
Wiest: “Conformational Study and Enantioselective, Regiospecific Syntheses of Novel Aminoxy
trans-Proline
Analogs Derived from Acylnitroso Diels-Alder Cycloaddition” J.
Org. Chem. 2001, 66¸ 6046-6056.
42.
A. T. Radosevich, O. Wiest: “Ab Initio Studies of the Ring-Closing
Reaction of the Hexatriene Radical Cation” ” J. Org
.Chem. 2001, 66¸ 5808-5813.
43.
O. Wiest: " Chemical Modelling:
Applications and Theory. Volume 1." (Book Review) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9725-9726.
44.
J. Oxgaard, O. Wiest: “Symmetry, Radical
Ions, and Butadienes: Exploring the Limits of Density
Functional Theory” J. Phys. Chem. A 2001, 105, 8236-8240.
45.
H. Wandel, O. Wiest: “Enediynes
in 11-membered rings - Synthesis and Structure of highly strained but unusually
stable macrocycles” J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 388-393.
46.
J. Oxgaard, O. Wiest “Rehybridized
1,3-Butadiene Radical Cations:
How Far Will a Radical Cation Go to Maintain
Conjugation? “J. Phys. Chem. A 2002 , 106,
3967-3974.
47.
M. J. Deetz, M. Jonas, C. Forbes, J. Malerich, B. D. Smith, O. Wiest: ”
Unusually Low Barrier to Carbamate C-N Rotation” J.
Org. Chem 2002, 67, 3949-3952.
48.
N. J. Saettel, O. Wiest, D. A. Singleton, M.
P. Meyer: “Computational and experimental isotope effects of an electron
transfer catalyzed cycloaddition” J. Am. Chem.
Soc. 2002, 124, 11552-11559.
49.
S. B. Braun-Sand, O. Wiest: “Theoretical Studies of Mixed-Valence
Transition Metal Complexes for Molecular Computing” J. Phys. Chem. A 2003,
107, 285-291.
50.
S. Braun-Sand, O. Wiest, J. El-Bahraoui:
"Computational Studies of Molecular Electronic Devices" In: Molecules as Electronic Devices ACS
Symposium Series Vol. 844 (Ed.: M. Lieberman) ACS,
51.
A. R. Nicolaescu, O. Wiest, P. V. Kamat “Radical Induced Oxidative Transformation of Quinoline” J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107,
427-433.
52.
J. Peller, O. Wiest, P.
V. Kamat: “Synergy of Combining Sonolysis
and Photocatalysis in the Degradation and
Mineralization of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds” Environ. Sci Tech. 2003, 37, 1926-1932.
53.
J. Oxgaard, O. Wiest “Substituent
Effects in the Vinylcyclopropane Radical Cation Rearrangement: A Computational Road to a New
Synthetic Tool” Europ. J. Org, Chem, 2003,
1454-1462.
54.
O. Wiest, J. Oxgaard, N. J. Saettel “Structure and Reactivity of Hydrocarbon Radical Cations” Adv. Phys. Org. Chem. 2003, 39, 87-109.
55.
N. J. Saettel,
O. Wiest: “ Sterically
Crowded Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane Radical Cations” J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68,
4549-4552.
56.
A. J. Oliver, O. Wiest, P. Helquist, M. J.
Miller, M. Tenniswood: “Conformational and SAR
Analysis of NAALADase and PSMA Inhibitors” Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2003, 11, 4455-4461.
57.
S. Braun-Sand, O. Wiest “Biasing Mixed-Valence Transition Metal
Complexes: In Search of Bistable Complexes for
Molecular Computing” J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 9624-9628.
58.
J. Peller, O. Wiest, P. V. Kamat: “ Mechanism of Hydroxyl
Radical-Induced Breakdown of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
(2,4-D)” Chemistry-Europ. J. 2003, 9,
5379-5387.
59.
M. Pauvert, P. Plaine,
M. Jonas, O. Wiest: “Towards an Artificial Oxidative DNA Photolyase”
J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 543-548.
60.
D.-F. Wang, O. Wiest, P. Helquist, H.-Y. Lan-Hargest, N. L. Wiech: “QSAR
studies of PC-3 cell line inhibition activity of TSA and SAHA-like hydroxamic acids” Bioorg.
Med. Chem. Lett. 2004, 13, 707-711.
61.
A. P.R. Zabell, P. Helquist,
C. V. Stauffacher, O. Wiest “Computationally
Designed Inhibitors of the Low Molecular Weight Phosphatase
HCPTP” Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2004, 12,
1867-1880.
62.
O. Wiest, C. B. Harrison, M. Sax, N. J. Saettel,
R. Cibulka, B.
König “Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Biomimetic Artificial Photolyase”
J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69,
8183-8185 (this paper was selected for the cover page of a December 2004
issue of JOC).
63.
D.-F. Wang, O. Wiest, P. Helquist, H.-Y. Lan-Hargest, N. L. Wiech: “On
the Function of
the 14Å Long Internal
Cavity of Histone Deacetylase Like Protein: Implications for the Design of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors” J. Med. Chem 2004, 47, 3409-3417.
64.
P. Ding, P. Helquist, Y. Chen, A. J. Oliver,
O. Wiest, M. J. Miller “Synthesis of Conformationally
Restricted Molecules as Potential NAALADase/PSMA
Inhibitors” Organic Letters 2004 6, 1805-1808.
65.
J. Peller, O. Wiest; P. V. Kamat “Hydroxyl Radical’s Role in
the Remediation of a Common Herbicide, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)” J.
Phys. Chem B 2004, 108,
10925-10933.
66.
A. R. Nicolaescu, O. Wiest, P. V. Kamat “Mechanistic pathways of the hydroxyl radical
reactions of quinoline. 1. Identification,
distribution and yields of hydroxylated products” J. Phys. Chem. A 2005 109, 2822-2829
67.
A. R. Nicolaescu, O. Wiest, P. V. Kamat “Mechanistic pathways of the hydroxyl
radical reactions of quinoline. 2. Computational
analysis of .OH attack at C-atoms” J.
Phys. Chem. A 2005, 109, 2829-2835.
68.
L. O’Neil, C. B. Harrison, O. Wiest “Computational Studies of DNA Photolyase” J. Phys.
Chem. A 2005, 109, 7001-7012.
69.
E. Kieken, O. Wiest, P. Helquist,
M. E. Cucciolito, G. Flores, A. Vitagliano,
P.O. Norrby “Chiral diamine-silver(I)-alkene complexes: a quantum chemical and NMR study” Organometallics, 2005,
24, 3737-3745.
70.
D.-F. Wang, O.
Wiest, P. Helquist, N. L. Wiech
“Towards Selective HDAC Inhibitor Design: Homology
Modeling, Docking Studies, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Human ClassI HDACs” J. Med. Chem.
2005, 48, 6936-6947.
71.
S. K. Wright, M. DeClue, A. Mandal, L. Lee, O.
Wiest, W. W. Cleland, D. Hilvert “Isotope
Effects on the Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Reactions of Chorismate”
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 12957-12964.
72.
L. L. O’Neil, O.
Wiest “A Selective, Non-Covalent Assay for Base Flipping in DNA” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 16800-16801.
2006-present
73.
N. Saettel, O. Wiest: “Hydrogen Bonding and Solvation Effects on the Cycloreversion
of Uracil Dimers: a DFT
Study” Tetrahedron 2006, 62, 6490-6500.
74.
A. P.R. Zabell, A. D. Schroff
jr.; R. L. van Etten, O.
Wiest, C. V. Stauffacher
“Crystal structure of human B-form low molecular weight phosphotyrosyl
phosphatase at 1.6 Å resolution” J. Biol. Chem. 2006, 281, 6520-6527.
75.
P. Donoghue; O. Wiest, “Structure and
Reactivity of Radical Cations: New Twists on Old
Concepts” Chemistry- Europ. J. 2006, 12, 7018-7026.
76.
L. L. O’Neil, O.
Wiest “Acyclic or Long-bond Intermediate in the ETC Dimerization
of 4-Methoxystyrene” J. Org. Chem 2006, 71, 8926-8933.
77.
J. A. Weitgenant, I. Katsuyama, M. A. Bigi, S. J. Corden, J. T. Markiewicz, A. P. R. Zabell, K. T. Homan, O. Wiest, C. V. Stauffacher, P. Helquist
“Synthesis of 5-Azaindole as a
Computationally Designed Inhibitor of the Low Molecular Weight Phosphatase HCPTP” Heterocycles 2006, 70, 599-607.
78.
K. C. Fortner, D. S. Laitar, J. Muldoon, S.
B. Braun-Sand, O. Wiest, L. Pu, S. N. Brown
“Ultrafast and Ultraslow Oxygen Atom Transfer Reactions Between Late Metal
Centers” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 588-600.
79.
P. Donoghue; P. Helquist, O. Wiest “Ligand and Substrate Effects on the Mechanism of
Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Enamides” J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 839-847.
80.
N. A. Valley, O.
Wiest “Substitutent Effects in Radical Cation Diels-Alder Reactions” J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 559-566.
81.
D.-F. Wang, O. Wiest,
P. Helquist “Zinc Binding in HDAC Inhibitors. A DFT
Study” J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 5446-5449.
82.
P. J. Donoghue; E. Kieken, P. Helquist, O. Wiest “Development of a Q2MM Force field for
the Silver Catalyzed Hydroamination of Alkynes” Adv. Synth. Catal. 20007,
349, 2647-2654.
83.
A. T. Johnson, O.
Wiest “Structure and Dynamics of Poly(T) Single
84.
L. L. O’Neil, A. Grossfield,
O. Wiest “Base Flipping of the Thymine Dimer in Duplex
DNA” J. Phys. Chem. B 2007, 111, 11843-11849.
85.
L. L. O’Neil, O.
Wiest “Sequence dependence in base flipping: experimental and computational
studies” Org. Biomol.
Chem 2008,
6, 485-492.
86.
L. W. Chung, O.
Wiest, Y. Wu “A Theoretical Study on the trans-Addition
Intramolecular Hydroacylation
of 4-Alkynals Catalyzed by Cationic Rhodium Complexes” J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 2649-2655
87.
L. L. O’Neil, O.
Wiest “Structures and Energetics of Base Flipping of
the Thymine Dimer Depend Upon DNA Sequence” J. Phys. Chem B. 2008, 112, 4113-4122.
88.
G. Estiu, E. Greenberg, C. B. Harrison, R. Mazitschek, J. E. Bradner, O. Wiest “On the structural origin of selectivity
in Class II selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors” J.
Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 2898-2906
89.
S. Weerasinghe, G. Estiu, O. Wiest,
M. K. H. Pflum “Residues in the 11 Å Channel of Histone Deacetylase 1 Promote
Catalytic Activity” J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 5543-5551.
90.
J. M. Plummer, J.
A. Weitgenant, B. C. Noll, J. W. Lauher,
O. Wiest, P. Helquist “Synthesis,
Structure, and Metal Complexation Behavior of a New
Type of Functionalized Chiral Phenanthroline
Derivatives” J. Org. Chem 2008, 73, 3911-3914.
91.
O’Daniel, P.;
92.
C. S. Sevov, O. Wiest “Selectivity in the Electron Transfer
Catalyzed Diels-Alder Reaction of (R)-a-Phellandrene
and 4-Methoxystyrene” J. Org. Chem 2008, 73, 7909–7915
93.
P. J. Donoghue, P. Helquist, P. O. Norrby, O. Wiest ” Development of
a Q2MM Force Field for the Asymmetric Rhodium Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Enamides” J. Chem. Theor. Comp. 2008,
4
1313-1323.
94.
J. M. Carney, P.
J. Donoghue, W. M. Wuest,
O. Wiest, P. Helquist “Intramolecular
Hydroamination of Aminoalkynes
with Silver-Phenanthroline Catalysts” Org. Lett 2008, 10, 3903-3906.
95.
P. J. Donoghue, P. Helquist, P. O. Norrby, O. Wiest ”Fast and
Accurate Prediction of Enantioselectivity in Rhodium
Catalyzed Hydrogenations” J. Am. Chem.
Soc. 2009, 131, 410-411. (compare also Highlight in Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed. 2009, 48, 4476-4479)
96.
Bowers, A. L.; Greshok, T. J.; West, N.; Estiu, G., Schreiber, S. L.; Wiest, O.; Williams, R. M.; Bradner, J. E. “Synthesis and Conformation-Activity
Relationships of the Peptide Isosteres of FK228 and Largazole” J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 2900-2905.
97.
D.-S. Lee, H. Burd, J. Liu;
98.
N. L. Wiech, J. Fischer, P. Helquist,
O. Wiest „Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases:
a Pharmacological Approach to the Treatment of Non-Cancer Disorders“ Curr. Top. Med Chem. 2009 9, 257-271.
99.
Bowers, A. L.; West, N.; Newkirk, T. L.; Troutman-Youngman, A. E.; Schreiber, S. L.; Wiest, O.; Bradner, J. E., Williams, R. M. “Synthesis and HDAC Inhibitory Activity of Largazole Analogs: Alteration of the Zinc-Binding Domain
and Macrocyclic Scaffold” Org. Lett 2009, 11, 1301-1304.
100.
C. S. Sevov, O. Wiest “Selectivity in the Electron Transfer
Catalyzed Diels-Alder Reactions” In: Wiley Series in Reactive Intermediates (M.
Forbes, Ed.) Wiley & Sons, New York 2009.
101.
Charrier, C.; Gesson, J.-P.; Estiu, G.; Wiest, O.; Roche, J.; Bertrand, P. “Epigenetic
Modulation Properties of New Benzofuranones Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors” J. Med. Chem 2009, 52, 3112-3115.
102.
P. Helquist, O. Wiest “Current Status of Drug Therapy
Development for Niemann Pick Type C Disease” Drugs Fut. 2009, 34, accepted.
103.
O. Wiest
“Methods and
Non-Cancer Applications of HDAC Inhibition” Curr. Top. Med. Chem.2009, 9, 226.
104.
Y. Lan, L. Deng, J. Liu, C. Wang, O. Wiest, Z.
Yang, Y.-D. Wu „On
the Mechanism of the Palladium Catalyzed Intramolecular
Pauson-Khand-Type Reaction” J. Org. Chem.2009, 74,
ASAP.
105.
Cosner, C. C.; Markiewicz, J. YT.;
Bourbon, P.; Mariani, C. J.; Wiest, O.; Huang, A.; Pipalia, N. H.; Rujoi, M.; Maxfield, F.; Helquist, P.
“Investigation of N-aryl-3-alkylidenepyrrolinones
as potential Niemann-Pick type C disease
therapeutics” submitted for publication.
106.
J.C. Adams, M.J.
Keiser, L. Basuino, H.F. Chambers, D.-S. Lee, O.
Wiest, P.C. Babbitt “The Chemical Diversity
of Drugs from the Viewpoint of Small Molecule Metabolism “PLoS Computational Biology 2009,
5, accepted
107.
Y. Shen, J. Liu, G. Estiu, B. Isin, D-S. Lee, A-L. Barabási, V. Kapatral, O. Wiest, Z. N. Oltvai “A blueprint for antimicrobial hit discovery targeting
metabolic networks” submitted for publication.