Etienne Balibar.Europe after Communism. RM 5(3):29-49 "Offers reflections on the collapse of ""real socialism"" in Eastern Europe and the USSR, with attention given to whether the collapse is best conceived as a kind of revolution or as a restoration of capitalism. A critical assessment of the claim that communism, both in its ideal and ""real"" aspects, is dead is presented, suggesting that the demise of socialism is best understood as the collapse of states. It is argued that: the history of modern Europe is inextricably intertwined with the history of communism, the discourse of communism and liberalism fundamentally shaped European politics and provided the impetus for the modern idea of a unified Europe, and the demise of communism could eventually result in the collapse of the state in Europe and the destruction of European civil society. W. Howard"