"Party Systems, Governability, and the Quality of Democracy in Latin America," paper prepared for presentation at the conference on “Representation and Democratic Politics in Latin America,” organized by the Department of Humanities of the Universidad de San Andrés and the Department of Political Science of the University of Pittsburgh, Buenos Aires, Argentina, June 7-8, 2001. Figures for this paper.
"Electoral Reform Processes,"an article in the Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) project's on-line encyclopedia on election administration and electoral law.
"The Dynamic Diversity of Latin American Party Systems," Party Politics 4:4 (October 1998): 547-568.
Figure from this paper showing confidence intervals for volatility and fragmentation, by country
"Latin American Parties: Political Darwinism
in the Lost Decade," in Larry Diamond and Richard Gunther, eds., Political
Parties and Democracy (Johns Hopkins UP, 2001).
Argentina 1912-1995
Bolivia 1956-1993
Brazil 1945-94
Chile 1915-1993
Colombia 1931-1994
Costa Rica 1953-1994
Ecuador 1947-1994
Mexico 1961-1994
Peru 1931-1995
Uruguay 1917-1994
Venezuela 1946-1993
key:
SL=secular left
SCL=secular center-left
SC=secular center
SCR=secular center-right
SR=secular right
SL=Christian left
SCL=Christian center-left
SC=Christian center
SCR=Christian center-right
SR=Christian right
P=personalist
O=other
U=unknown
IP=index of left-right polarization
MLRP=mean left-right position
VBLOC=bloc volatility
ENB=effective number of blocs (Laakso-Taagepera index)
