This file contains data from a large national survey of adult Americans during and after the 2000 presidential election. The researchers interviewed many participants both before and after the election, but this abbreviated dataset does not permit pre- and post-interview analysis. Nevertheless, it allows students to test in a preliminary way various models of voting behavior: one can look at the influence of various variables on candidate choice including socio-economic factors, partisanship, candidate images, prospective and retrospective evaluations, distance and spatial alignments, and the like. The interviews in this studied were carried out face-to-face (FTF) and by telephone. Many respondents were interviewed twice, before the election ("pre") and after ("post"). Most of the questions in this data set come from the "pre" interviews. Note also that the questions were asked in several different formats. But the question text below show only simplified versions. Of the 1807 respondents interviewed in the Pre-Election Study, 1555 completed Post-Election interviews for an overall response rate of 86 percent. Note; "DK" means "don't know"; "RF" means "refused"; "NA" means not applicable' "Inap." means "inappropriate" because respondent did not answer a prior question or failed to meet a condition such as voted. ********************************************************************* * * * The numbers in parentheses are the variable numbers of the * * questions in the original codebook. * * * ********************************************************************* The "count" refers to the unweighted frequency for each code. These data should be analyzed with the weight variable, although the original codebook indicates that weighted and unweighted results will be approximately the same. Acknowledgement: Burns, Nancy, Donald R. Kinder, Steven J. Rosenstone, Virginia Sapiro, and the National Election Studies. NATIONAL ELECTION STUDIES, 2000: PRE-/POST-ELECTION STUDY [dataset]. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, Center for Political Studies [producer and distributor], 2001. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 1 Case identification number. Respondents have been given id numbers begining with 1. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 2(v000002) Sample weight This is a 6-digit variable with a coded decimal point and 4 actual decimal places. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 3(v000302) Generally speaking, would you say that you personally care a good deal who wins the presidential election this fall, or that you don't care very much who wins? 1. CARE A GOOD DEAL 3. DON'T CARE VERY MUCH 8. DON'T KNOW 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 8 ----- ----- ----- Count 1402 397 8 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 4 Attention to Campaigns (v000301) Some people don't pay much attention to political campaigns. How about you? Would you say that you have been very much interested, somewhat interested or not much interested in the political campaigns so far this year? 1. VERY MUCH INTERESTED 3. SOMEWHAT INTERESTED 5. NOT MUCH INTERESTED 8. DON'T KNOW 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 ----- ----- ----- Count 525 886 396 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 5 Voted in 1996?(v000303) In 1996 Bill Clinton ran on the Democratic ticket against Bob Dole for the Republicans, and Ross Perot as an independent candidate. Do you remember for sure whether or not you voted in that election? [DO NOT PROBE 'DK' RESPONSE] 1. YES, VOTED 5. NO, DIDN'T VOTE 8. DON'T KNOW 9. RF 0. NA 1 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1264 530 12 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 6 Presidential Choice in 1996(v000304) IF R VOTED FOR PRESIDENT IN 1996: Which one did you vote for? [DO NOT PROBE 'DK' RESPONSE] 1. BILL CLINTON 3. BOB DOLE 5. ROSS PEROT 7. OTHER (SPECIFY) 8. DON'T KNOW 9. RF 0. NA; INAP, 0,5,8,9 in A3 0 1 3 5 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 543 665 408 138 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 27 9 17 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 7 Hours of Network TV Viewing (v000329) How many days in the past week did you watch the national network news on TV? 0. NONE 1. ONE DAY 2. TWO DAYS 3. THREE DAYS 4. FOUR DAYS 5. FIVE DAYS 6. SIX DAYS 7. EVERY DAY 8. DON'T KNOW 9. RF; NA 0 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 483 165 201 179 99 5 6 7 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 135 27 515 3 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 8 Number of Times Read Newspaper (v000335) How many days in the past week did you read a daily newspaper? 0. NONE 1. ONE DAY 2. TWO DAYS 3. THREE DAYS 4. FOUR DAYS 5. FIVE DAYS 6. SIX DAYS 7. EVERY DAY 8. DON'T KNOW 9. RF; NA 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 468 216 181 130 4 5 6 7 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 74 92 36 610 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 9 Clinton Approval(v000341) Do you approve or disapprove of the way Bill Clinton is handling his job as president? Strongly or not strongly? SUMMARY: APPROVAL/ DISAPPROVAL OF CLINTON JOB AS PRESIDENT 1. Approve strongly 2. Approve not strongly 4. Disapprove not strongly 5. Disapprove strongly 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 745 425 162 400 63 12 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 10 Care About House Elections (v000342) As you know, representatives to Congress in Washington are being chosen in this election from congressional districts all around the country. How much would you say that you personally care about the way the election to the U.S. House of Representatives comes out: do you care very much, pretty much, not very much or not at all? 1. VERY MUCH 2. PRETTY MUCH 3. NOT VERY MUCH 4. NOT AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 501 669 475 155 7 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 11 Congress Approval (v000358) Do you approve or disapprove of the way the U.S. Congress has been handling its job? Strongly or not strongly? SUMMARY: R APPROVAL OF U.S. CONGRESS 1. Approve strongly 2. Approve not strongly 4. Disapprove not strongly 5. Disapprove not strongly 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 285 648 299 318 246 11 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 12 Clinton Thermometer (v000359) I'd like to get your feelings toward some of our political leaders and other people who are in the news these days. I'll read the name of a person and I'd like you to rate that person using something we call the feeling thermometer. Ratings between 50 degrees and 100 degrees mean that you feel favorable and warm toward the person.Ratings between 0 degrees and 50 degrees mean that you don't feel favorable toward the person and that you don't care too much for that person. You would rate the person at the 50 degree mark if you don't feel particularly warm or cold toward the person. If we come to a person whose name you don't recognize, you don't need to rate that person. Just tell me and we'll move on to the next one. The first person is: Bill Clinton. Where on that feeling thermometer would you rate Bill Clinton? 0-100 995. NA 997. DON'T RECOGNIZE 998. DK WHERE TO RATE 999. Refused +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 13 Gore Thermometer (v000360) The next person is: Al Gore. (Where on that feeling thermometer would you rate him?) 0-100 995. NA 997. DON'T RECOGNIZE 998. DK WHERE TO RATE 999. Refused +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 14 Bush Thermometer (v000361) The next person is: George W. Bush. (Where on that feeling thermometer would you rate him?) 0-100 995. NA 997. DON'T RECOGNIZE 998. DK WHERE TO RATE 999. Refused ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 15 Buchanan Thermometer (v000362) The next person is: Pat Buchanan(Where on that feeling thermometer would you rate him?) 0-100 995. NA 997. DON'T RECOGNIZE 998. DK WHERE TO RATE 999. Refused +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 16 Nader Thermometer (v000363) The next person is: Ralph Nader. (Where on that feeling thermometer would you rate him?) 0-100 995. NA 997. DON'T RECOGNIZE 998. DK WHERE TO RATE 999. Refused +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 17 Economic Future (v000406) Now looking ahead, do you think that a year from now you (and your family) will be better off financially, worse off, or just about the same as now? Much better/worse off or somewhat better/worse off? SUMMARY: R FINANCIAL SITUATION IN NEXT YEAR 1. Much better 2. Somewhat better 3. Just about the same 4. Somewhat worse 5. Much worse 8. DK (in E3 or E3a/E3b) 9. RF (in E 3 or E3a/E3b) 0. NA; INAP. (Not asked of half the sample.) 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 906 117 251 479 4 5 8 ----- ----- ----- Count 33 18 3 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 18 Political Ideology (v000446) When it comes to politics, do you usually think of yourself as a liberal, a conservative, a moderate, or haven't you thought much about this? (With use of follow questions respondents are encouraged to choose; hence, the "had to choose..." categories below.) 1. Strong liberal 2. Not strong liberal 3. Had to choose liberal 4. Had to choose moderate 5. Had to choose conservative 6. Not strong conservative 7. Strong conservative 8. DK 9. R refuses to choose 0. NA 0 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1 82 158 351 109 5 6 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 528 250 145 18 165 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 19 Economy During Past Year (v000491) Now thinking about the economy in the country as a whole, would you say that OVER THE PAST YEAR the nation's economy has gotten worse, stayed about the same, or gotten better? 1. Much better 2. Somewhat better 3. Stayed about the same 4. Somewhat worse 5. Much worse 8. DK in H1/H1.E or H1a/b 9. RF in H1/H1.E or H1a/b 0. NA 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 251 448 785 70 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 232 20 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 20 Economy Next Year (v000499) What about THE NEXT 12 MONTHS? Do you expect the economy, in the country as a whole, to get better, stay about the same, or get worse? 1. Much better 2. Somewhat better 3. Stayed about the same 4. Somewhat worse 5. Much worse 8. DK in H4/H4.E or Ha/b 9. RF in H4/H4.E or Ha/b 0. NA 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 113 264 1034 260 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 69 63 4 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 21 Clinton and Economy (v000503) Do you approve or disapprove of the way Bill Clinton is handling the economy? Do you approve/disapprove strongly or not strongly? 1. Approve strongly 2. Approve not strongly 4. Disapprove not strongly 5. Disapprove strongly 8. DK in H5 or H5a/b 9. RF in H5 or H5a/b 0. NA 1 2 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 783 516 150 237 110 11 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 22 (Parties and Future Wars 000506) Looking ahead, do you think the problem of keeping out of war would be handled better IN THE NEXT FOUR YEARS by the Democrats, the Republicans, or about the same by both? 1. Democrats 3. Republicans 5. About the same by each 7. Neither party [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 373 324 1043 24 42 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 23 Strength of U.S. in Past Year(v000507) Turning to some other types of issues facing the country. During the past year, would you say that the United States' position in the world has grown weaker, stayed about the same, or has it grown stronger? 1. Weaker 3. Stayed about the same 5. Stronger 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 500 874 403 28 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 24 Party Identification (v000523) Generally speaking, do you think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, an Independent, or what? Would you call yourself a strong Democrat/Republican or a not very strong Democrat/Republican? Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic party? 0. Strong Democrat 1. Weak Democrat 2. Independent-Democrat 3. Independent-Independent 4. Independent-Republican 5. Weak Republican 6. Strong Republican 7. Other; minor party; refuses to say 8. Apolitical 9. NA 0 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 346 274 269 206 230 5 6 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 215 236 9 17 5 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 25 Gore: Moral? (v000524) Think about Al Gore. In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is moral'describe Al Gore extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 423 820 287 133 143 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 26 Gore: Care? (v000525) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he really cares' describe Al Gore extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 277 713 464 232 119 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 27 Gore: Leader? (v000527) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is a strong leader' describe Al Gore extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 258 728 522 185 113 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 28 Gore: Dishonest? (v000528) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is dishonest' describe Al Gore extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 133 312 629 557 173 3 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 29 Gore: Intelligent? (v000529) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is intelligent' describe Al Gore extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 494 995 182 65 69 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 30 Bush: Moral? (v000531) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is moral' describe George W. Bush extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 340 841 330 98 196 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 31 Bush: Care? (v000532) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he really cares' describe George W. Bush extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 155 625 562 342 122 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 32 Bush: Leader? (v000534) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is a strong leader' describe George W. Bush extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 266 842 407 166 125 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 33 Bush: Dishonest? (v000535) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is dishonest' describe George W. Bush extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 70 288 653 574 220 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 34 Bush: Intelligent? (v000536) In your opinion, does the phrase 'he is intelligent' describe George W. Bush extremely well, quite well, not too well, or not well at all? 1. EXTREMELY WELL 2. QUITE WELL 3. NOT TOO WELL 4. NOT WELL AT ALL 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 3 4 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 329 967 306 110 94 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 35 Self and Government Services (v000550) Where would you place yourself on this scale--Should the government increase services and spending a great deal or only some?--or haven't you thought much about this? 1. Reduce spending and services a great deal 2. Reduce spending and services only some 3. Stay same as now (3 in L1a.T) 4. Increase spending and services only some 5. Increase spending and services a great deal 8. DK 9. RF; NA; INAP. 0. Haven't thought much 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 283 120 165 630 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 348 239 17 5 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 36 Gore and Government Services (v000562) Where would you place Al Gore on this issue? 1. Reduce spending and services a great deal 2. Reduce spending and services only some 3. Stay same as now (3 in L1b.T) 4. Increase spending and services only some 5. Increase spending and services a great deal 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP. 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 44 83 519 537 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 393 228 3 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 37 Bush and Government Services (v000568) Where would you place George W. Bush (on this issue)? 1. Reduce spending and services a great deal 2. Reduce spending and services only some 3. Stay same as now (3 in L1b.T) 4. Increase spending and services only some 5. Increase spending and services a great deal 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP. 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 266 345 619 226 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 92 255 4 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 38 Self and Defense Spending (v000587) Do you feel the government should decrease defense spending, increase defense spending, or is the government spending on defense about the right amount now? 1. Decrease defense spending a lot 2. Decrease defense spending a little 3. About the right amount 4. Increase defense spending a little 5. Increase defense spending a lot 8. DK 9. RF; NA; INAP, 0. Haven't thought much 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 368 89 89 685 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 285 273 14 4 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 39 Gore and Defense Spending (v000592) Where would you place Al Gore on this issue? 1. Decrease defense spending a lot 2. Decrease defense spending a little 3. About the right amount 4. Increase defense spending a little 5. Increase defense spending a lot 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP, 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 107 148 867 190 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 91 402 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 40 Bush and Defense Spending (v000597) Where would you place George Bush on this issue? 1. Decrease defense spending a lot 2. Decrease defense spending a little 3. About the right amount 4. Increase defense spending a little 5. Increase defense spending a lot 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP, 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 41 44 582 389 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 372 378 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 41 Government Health Insurance (v000614) There is much concern about the rapid rise in medical and hospital costs. Some people feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses for everyone. Others feel that all medical expenses should be paid by individuals through private insurance plans like Blue Cross or other company paid plans. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? 1. Strongly - govt insurance plan 2. Not strongly - govt insurance plan 3. Stay the same as it is now 4. Not strongly - individual insurance 5. Strongly - individual insurance 8. DK 9. RF; NA 0. HAVEN'T THOUGHT MUCH ABOUT THIS 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 151 439 153 535 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 167 325 36 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 42 Affirmative Action (v000674a) Some people think that if a company has a history of discriminating against blacks when making hiring decisions, then they should be required to have an affirmative action program that gives blacks preference in hiring. What do you think? Should companies that have discriminated against blacks have to have an affirmative action program? 1. Strongly - should have to have affirmative action 2. Not strongly - should have to have affirmative action 4. Not strongly - shouldn't have to have affirmative action 5. Strongly - shouldn't have to have affirmative action 7. Other 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 4 5 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 601 221 204 560 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 109 93 19 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 43 Highway Spending (v000675) If you had a say in making up the federal budget this year, should federal spending on BUILDING AND REPAIRING HIGHWAYS be increased decreased or kept about the same? 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 677 135 969 6 20 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 44 Welfare Spending (v000676) What about WELFARE PROGRAMS? (Should federal spending on WELFARE PROGRAMS be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 302 669 782 22 30 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 45 AIDS Research Spending (v000677) What about SPENDING ON AIDS RESEARCH? (Should federal spending on SPENDING ON AIDS RESEARCH be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 911 151 697 11 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 46 Foreign Aid Spending (v000678) What about FOREIGN AID?(Should federal spending on FOREIGN AID be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 162 787 792 22 42 2 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 47 Food Stamps Spending (v000679) What about FOOD STAMPS? (Should federal spending on FOOD STAMPS Be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 285 549 890 32 49 2 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 48 Aid to Poor People Spending (v000680) What about AID TO POOR PEOPLE? (Should federal spending on AID TO POOR PEOPLE be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 916 154 693 9 29 6 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 49 Soicial Security Spending (v000681) What about SOCIAL SECURITY? (Should federal spending on SOCIAL SECURITY be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1120 66 572 11 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 50 Environmental Protection Spending (v000682) What about ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION? (Should federal spending on ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 913 164 694 2 33 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 51 Public School Spending (v000683) What about PUBLIC SCHOOLS? (Should federal spending on PUBLIC SCHOOLS be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1368 87 330 13 9 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 52 Fighting crime Spending (v000684) What about DEALING WITH CRIME? (Should federal spending on DEALING WITH CRIME be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?) 1. INCREASED 3. DECREASED 5. KEPT ABOUT THE SAME 7. CUT OUT ENTIRELY [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 3 5 7 8 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1180 89 514 7 17 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 53 Use Surplus to Cut Taxes (v000688) Recently, there has been a lot of talk about how to spend the extra money the federal government is likely to have in the near future. Some people have proposed that most of the expected federal budget surplus should be used to cut taxes. Do you approve or disapprove of this proposal? 1. Approve strongly 2. Approve not strongly 4. Disapprove not strongly 5. Disapprove strongly 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 811 298 231 405 59 3 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 54 Use Surplus to Protect Social Security(v000693) Some people have proposed that most of the expected federal budget surplus should go to protecting social security and Medicare. Do you approve or disapprove of this proposal? Do you approve of this proposal strongly or not strongly? Do you disapprove of this proposal strongly or not strongly? 1. Approve strongly 2. Approve not strongly 4. Disapprove not strongly 5. Disapprove strongly 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 1 2 4 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1153 298 156 156 41 3 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 55 Opinion About Abortion (v000694) There has been some discussion about abortion during recent years. Which one of the opinions on this page best agrees with your view? You can just tell me the number of the opinion you choose. 1. BY LAW, ABORTION SHOULD NEVER BE PERMITTED. 2. THE LAW SHOULD PERMIT ABORTION ONLY IN CASE OF RAPE, INCEST, OR WHEN THE WOMAN'S LIFE IS IN DANGER. 3. THE LAW SHOULD PERMIT ABORTION FOR REASONS OTHER THAN RAPE, INCEST, OR DANGER TO THE WOMAN'S LIFE, BUT ONLY AFTER THE NEED FOR THE ABORTION HAS BEEN CLEARLY ESTABLISHED. 4. BY LAW, A WOMAN SHOULD ALWAYS BE ABLE TO OBTAIN AN ABORTION AS A MATTER OF PERSONAL CHOICE. 7. OTHER (SPECIFY) [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 3 215 525 265 4 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 753 28 11 7 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 56 Belief About Gore's Opinions on Abortion( v000696) Where would you place Al Gore on abortion? 1. BY LAW, ABORTION SHOULD NEVER BE PERMITTED. 2. THE LAW SHOULD PERMIT ABORTION ONLY IN CASE OF RAPE, INCEST, OR WHEN THE WOMAN'S LIFE IS IN DANGER. 3. THE LAW SHOULD PERMIT ABORTION FOR REASONS OTHER THAN RAPE, INCEST, OR DANGER TO THE WOMAN'S LIFE, BUT ONLY AFTER THE NEED FOR THE ABORTION HAS BEEN CLEARLY ESTABLISHED. 4. BY LAW, A WOMAN SHOULD ALWAYS BE ABLE TO OBTAIN AN ABORTION AS A MATTER OF PERSONAL CHOICE. 7. OTHER (SPECIFY) [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 3 84 228 253 4 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 762 21 450 6 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 57 Belief About Bush's Opinions on Abortion (v000698) Where would you place George Bush on abortion? 1. BY LAW, ABORTION SHOULD NEVER BE PERMITTED. 2. THE LAW SHOULD PERMIT ABORTION ONLY IN CASE OF RAPE, INCEST, OR WHEN THE WOMAN'S LIFE IS IN DANGER. 3. THE LAW SHOULD PERMIT ABORTION FOR REASONS OTHER THAN RAPE, INCEST, OR DANGER TO THE WOMAN'S LIFE, BUT ONLY AFTER THE NEED FOR THE ABORTION HAS BEEN CLEARLY ESTABLISHED. 4. BY LAW, A WOMAN SHOULD ALWAYS BE ABLE TO OBTAIN AN ABORTION AS A MATTER OF PERSONAL CHOICE. 7. OTHER (SPECIFY) [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 3 285 655 227 4 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 119 23 488 7 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 58 Opinion on Death Penalty (v000752) Do you favor or oppose the death penalty for persons convicted of murder? (Do you favor/oppose the death penalty for persons convicted of murder) strongly or not strongly? 1. Favor strongly 2. Favor not strongly 4. Oppose not strongly 5. Oppose strongly 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 2 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 3 925 314 177 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 283 89 16 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 59 Age (v000908) Actual years are coded as in 17, 18, 19, 20,...,96 97. 97 and older 00. NA +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 60 Marital Status(v000909) Are you married now and living with your (husband/wife)-- or are you widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never married? 1. MARRIED 2. WIDOWED 3. DIVORCED 4. SEPARATED 5. NEVER MARRIED 6. PARTNERED, NOT MARRIED [Volunteered by respondent] 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 5 935 168 238 55 5 6 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 348 49 1 8 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 61 Education (v000913) Summary of respondent's education. 1. 8 grades or less and no diploma or equivalency 2. 9-11 grades, no further schooling (incl. 12 years without diploma or equivalency) 3. High school diploma or equivalency test 4. More than 12 years of schooling, no higher degree 5. Junior or community college level degrees (AA degrees) 6. BA level degrees; 17+ years, no advanced degree 7. Advanced degree, including LLB, Ph.D. etc. 8. DK 9. NA 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 64 116 519 377 5 6 7 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 168 373 183 7 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 62 Occupation (v000980) What is/was your main occupation? What sort of work do/did you do? What are/were your most important activities or duties? (This variable combines employment data for all Rs except nonworking homemakers and students (i.e., their data for employment in the past 6 months are omitted). The disabled and homemakers or students who are also currently working have their current occupation coded here. Retirees who are also currently working have past occupation coded here rather than current occupation. If R is disabled and not working but has worked in the past, or if R is unemployed, then past employment is represented here. 1. Executive, Administrative and Managerial (Census categories 001-039) 2. Professional Specialty Occupations (Census categories 040-199) 3. Technicians and Related Support Occupations (Census categories 200-235) 4. Sales Occupation (Census categories 236-285) 5. Administrative Support, including clerical (Census categories 286-389) 6. Private Household (Census categories 403-407) 7. Protective Service (Census categories 408-427) 8. Service except Protective and Household (Census categories 428-469) 9. Farming, Forestry and Fishing Occupations (Census categories 470-499) 10. Precision Production, Craft and Repair Occupations (Census categories 500-699) 11. Machine Operators, Assemblers and Inspectors (Census categories 700-799) 12. Transportation and Material Moving Occupations (Census categories 800-859) 13. Handlers, Equipment Cleaners, Helpers and Laborers (Census categories 860-890) 14. Member of Armed Forces (Census category 903-905) 95. NA 98. DK 99. RF 00. Inap, 0 1 2 3 4 5 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 155 239 357 65 185 231 6 7 8 9 10 11 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 8 31 178 22 148 69 12 13 14 95 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 60 41 7 11 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 63 Union Membership (v000990) Do you or anyone else in this household belong to a labor union? 1. YES 5. NO 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 5 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 6 250 1545 5 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 64 Family Income (v000993) Please ... tell me the letter of the income group that includes the income of all members of your family living here in 1999 before taxes. This figure should include salaries, wages, pensions, dividends, interest, and all other income. [IF UNCERTAIN: WHAT WOULD BE YOUR BEST GUESS?] 1. A. NONE OR LESS THAN $4,999 2. B. $5,000-$9,999 3. C. $10,000-$14,999 4. D. $15,000-$24,999 5. E. $25,000-$34,999 6. F. $35,000-$49,999 7. G. $50,000-$64,999 8. H. $65,000-$74,999 9. J. $75,000-$84,999 10. K. $85,000-$94,999 11. M. $95,000-$104,999 12. N. $105,000-$114,999 13. P. $115,000-$124,999 14. Q. $125,000-$134,999 15. R. $135,000-$144,999 16. S. $145,000-$154,999 17. T. $155,000-$164,999 18. U. $165,000-$174,999 19. V. $175,000-$184,999 20. W. $185,000-$194,999 21. X. $195,000-$199,999 22. Y. $200,000 and over 96. INAP, 1,9 in Y26 98. DK 99. Z. REFUSED 00. NA 0 1 2 3 4 5 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 67 10 26 48 100 134 6 7 8 9 10 11 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 167 164 109 90 56 43 12 13 14 15 16 17 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 35 23 13 12 12 9 18 19 20 21 22 96 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 7 5 1 5 11 497 98 99 ----- ----- Count 58 105 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 65 Self Assigned Social Class (v001005) There's been some talk these days about different social classes. Most people say they belong either to the middle class or the working class. Do you ever think of yourself as belonging in one of these classes?(IF YES:) Which one? (IF NO:) Well, if you had to make a choice, would you call yourself middle class or working class? (IF MIDDLE CLASS:) Would you say that you are about average middle class or that you are in the upper part of the middle class? (IF WORKING CLASS:) Would you say that you are about average working class or that you are in the upper part of the working class? SUMMARY: Respondent's self assigned social class 1. Average working class 2. Working class -- NA if average or upper 3. Upper working class 4. Average middle class 5. Middle class - NA if average or upper 6. Upper middle class 7. Other 8. DK in Y29b 9. RF in Y29b 0. NA in Y29/Y29b 0 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 6 624 14 145 660 5 6 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 12 256 57 22 11 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 66 Race (v001006a) What racial or ethnic group or groups best describes you 10. BLACK 20. ASIAN 30. NATIVE AMERICAN 40. HISPANIC OR LATINO 50. WHITE 60. OTHER SPECIFY - MISC. 75. OTHER SPECIFY - EAST INDIAN 76. OTHER SPECIFY - PACIFIC ISLANDER 79. OTHER SPECIFY - MORE THAN 3 MAJOR GROUPS 80. OTHER SPECIFY - 'AMERICAN' 90. OTHER SPECIFY - 'NONE'; 'DOESN'T MATTER" ETC. 98. DK 99. RF 00. NA 0 10 20 30 40 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 6 208 32 20 93 50 60 75 76 79 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1393 9 4 4 3 80 90 98 99 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 14 8 3 10 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 67 Place of Residence When Growing Up (v001019) please tell me where you were mostly brought up? SUMMARY: SIZE OF PLACE WHERE RESPONDENT GREW UP 1. ON A FARM 2. IN THE COUNTRY, NOT ON A FARM 3. IN A SMALL CITY OR TOWN (UNDER 50,000 PEOPLE) 4. IN A MEDIUM-SIZED CITY (50,000 - 100,000) 5. IN A LARGE CITY (100,000 - 500,000) 6. IN A SUBURB OF A LARGE CITY 7. IN A VERY LARGE CITY (OVER 500,000) 8. IN A SUBURB OF A VERY LARGE CITY 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA 0 1 2 3 4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 9 242 250 386 196 5 6 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 220 270 128 105 1 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 68 Voted in 2000 Election? (v001248) In talking to people about elections, we often find that a lot of people were not able to vote because they weren't registered, they were sick, or they just didn't have time.Which of the following statements best describes you: One, I did not vote (in the election this November); Two, I thought about voting this time - but didn't; Three, I usually vote, but didn't this time; or Four, I am sure I voted? [INTERVIEWER: PLEASE READ ALL OPTIONS] 0. NA; INAP, no Post interview 1. I DID NOT VOTE 2. I THOUGHT ABOUT VOTING THIS TIME, BUT DIDN'T. 3. I USUALLY VOTE, BUT DIDN'T THIS TIME. 4. I AM SURE I VOTED 8. DK 9. RF 0 1 2 3 4 8 9 ---- ---- --- --- ---- --- --- Count 252 185 103 84 1182 1 0 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 69 Vote for President 2000? (v001249) Who did you vote for? 1. AL GORE 3. GEORGE W. BUSH 5. PAT BUCHANAN 6. RALPH NADER 7. OTHER (SPECIFY) 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP, 5, 8, 9, 0 in C5 0 1 3 5 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 629 590 530 3 6 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 33 9 3 10 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 70 Vote for House of Representative 2000 (v001263) SUMMARY: Vote for Representative by party 1. Democratic candidate 2. Republican candidate 3. Other (independent and 3rd party)candidate 7. Name not on candidate list for this race 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP, Did not vote for whatever reason, no post interview 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 824 467 444 1 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 38 27 6 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Variable 71 Vote for Senate 2000 (v001275) SUMMARY: Vote for Senate (state had senate race) by party. 1. Democratic candidate 2. Republican candidate 3. Other (third party or independent) candidate 7. Name not on candidate list for this race 8. DK 9. RF 0. NA; INAP,: did not vote for whatever reason, no senate election, no post interview 0 1 2 3 ----- ----- ----- ----- Count 1000 412 340 10 7 8 9 ----- ----- ----- Count 21 18 6