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“Free Expression Knows No Borders,” Handout from IFRT’s Toronto Program INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM ROUNDTABLE presents “Free Expression Knows No Borders?” Saturday, June 21, 2003 1:30 pm - 3:00 pm Renaissance Skydome, Northern Lights Ballroom American Library Conference Toronto, Canada “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.” Article 19 from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 
Less than 4 percent of the world's population lives where the Bill of Rights is law. As more and more of our issues become global, we will explore the strategies Canadians and other nations use in our common goal of defending intellectual freedom. What can we learn from each other to strengthen free expression worldwide? “Intellectual freedom is the right of every individual to both hold and express opinions and to seek and receive information. Intellectual freedom is the basis of democracy. Intellectual freedom is the core of the library concept.”
The IFLA Internet Manifesto
Canada and Intellectual Freedom The legal environment in Canada creates a different climate for intellectual freedom than in the U.S. Canada has only recently produced an equivalent to the Bill of Rights, The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Furthermore, the interpretation of the Charter by the Canadian judicial system is generally stricter than the U. S. Supreme Court's more liberal treatment of our Bill of Rights. As the attached Web sites indicate, restrictions on speech and expression in Canada seem in many ways broader and more severe than in this country. Canadian Web Sites Canadian Civil Liberties Association (CCLA): http://www.ccla.org/ Welcome to the Canadian Civil Liberties Association (CCLA), Canada's civil liberties watchdog. On this site, you will find information about CCLA's efforts to protect Canadians' rights and freedoms, as well as information on how to join and get involved. We are a lobbying and law- reform, non-profit, non-government organization dealing with issues of fundamental civil liberties and human rights that affect those who live all across Canada. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/charter/ · Guarantee of Rights and Freedoms · Fundamental Freedoms · Democratic Rights · Mobility Rights · Legal Rights · Equality Rights · Official Languages of Canada · Minority Language Educational Rights · Enforcement · General · Application of Charter Canadian Journalists for Free Expression (CJFE): http://www.cjfe.org/ The CJFE is a Canadian non-governmental organization supported by Canadian journalists and advocates of free expression. The purpose of the organization is to defend the rights of journalists and contribute to the development of media freedom throughout the world. CJFE recognizes that these rights are not confined to journalists and strongly supports and defends the broader objective of freedom of expression in Canada and around the world. Testing the Limits of Freedom of Expression – The Keegstra Case: Provocative case pushing freedom of expression to the limit and force the Supreme Court of Canada to answer these difficult questions. http://canada.justice.gc.ca/en/justice2000/128mile.html Keegstra was a high school teacher in the small Alberta town of Eckville. In 1984, he was charged with unlawfully promoting hatred against an identifiable group under s. 31.9(2) of the Criminal Code. The charges stemmed from Keegstra's anti-Semitic (anti-Jewish) statements to his students. Michael Geist's Homepage: http://www.lawbytes.ca Web page of Michael Geist, guest speaker at IFRT program. Michael is a law professor at the University of Ottawa Law School specializing in Internet and electronic commerce law. At this site you will find materials and links to many of his articles as well as the most current and topical issues of our day. Freedom of Expression: http://canada.justice.gc.ca/en/justice2000/libexp.html The Freedom To Read Canada: http://www.freedomtoread.ca/ Freedom to read can never be taken for granted. Even in Canada, a free country by world standards, books and magazines are banned at the border. Books are removed from the shelves in Canadian libraries, schools and bookstores every day. Free speech on the Internet is under attack. Few of these stories make headlines, but they affect the right of Canadians to decide for themselves what they choose to read. Information and Privacy Commissioner/Ontario (IPC): http://www.ipc.on.ca/scripts/home.asp The role of the IPC is set out in two statutes: the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, and the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (the Acts). The IPC acts independently of government to uphold and promote open government and the protection of personal privacy. Under its statutory mandate, the IPC is responsible for: · resolving appeals from refusals to provide access to information; · investigating privacy complaints about information held by government organizations; · ensuring that the government organizations comply with the access and privacy provisions of the Acts; · educating the public about Ontario's access and privacy laws; and · conducting research on access and privacy issues, and providing advice and comment on proposed government legislation and programs.
B.C. Civil Liberties Association (BCCLA): http://www.bccla.org/index.html BCCLA is the oldest and most active civil liberties group in Canada. We are a group of citizens who volunteer our energy and talents to fulfill our mandate: to preserve, defend, maintain, and extend civil liberties and human rights in British Columbia and across Canada. Electronic Frontier Canada (EFC): http://www.efc.ca EFC was founded to ensure that the principles embodied in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms remain protected as new computing, communications, and information technologies are introduced into Canadian society. PEN Canada: http://www.web.net/~pencan/ PEN's Canadian chapter PEN Canada is the Canadian Centre of International PEN, the world association of writers, founded in England in 1921. PEN works on behalf of writers who are persecuted by governments for the peaceful exercise of their right to freedom of expression. Canadian Association for Free Expression: http://www.canadianfreespeech.com/homepage.html Canadian Association for Free Expression is an interesting website. Seems to be coming from the right wing, and may be a bit extreme, but interesting to see complaints of censorship from such a political perspective. Privacy Commissioner of Canada: http://www.privcom.gc.ca/au_e.asp · The Commissioner is an advocate for the privacy rights of Canadians with the power to: investigate complaints and conduct audits under two federal laws · publish information about personal information-handling practices in the public and private sector · conduct research into privacy issues · promote awareness and understanding of privacy issues by the Canadian public. IFLA/FAIFE: htpp://www.ifla.org/faife/index.htm The IFLA/FAIFE Committee and Office furthers free access to information and freedom of expression in all aspects, directly or indirectly, related to libraries and librarianship. IFLA/FAIFE monitors the state of intellectual freedom within the library community world-wide, supports IFLA policy development and co-operation with other international human rights organizations, and responds to violations of free access to information and freedom of expression. IFLANET – Intellectual Freedom Statements: http://www.ifla.org/faife/ifstat/ifstat.htm A Collection of Statements on Intellectual Freedom adopted by National Library Associations - see also IFLA Statement on Libraries and Intellectual Freedom. International Freedom of Expression Exchange (IFEX): http://www.ifex.org IFEX's weekly webzine with the latest news from around the world on freedom of expression victories and violations. Get the latest issue here. The nerve-centre of IFEX is the Clearing House, located in Toronto, Canada and managed by Canadian Journalists for Free Expression.
The Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT): http://www.cdt.org/international The CDT works to promote democratic values and constitutional liberties in the digital age. With expertise in law, technology, and policy, CDT seeks practical solutions to enhance free expression and privacy in global communications technologies. Citizenship, communication rights, and libraries, by William Birdsall: http://diac.cpsr.org/cgi-bin/diac02/pattern.cgi/public?mode=public&pattern_id=82 With the advent of the potential of access to instantaneous interactive global communication by the average citizen traditional concepts of universal service are outmoded. A more comprehensive conceptual policy framework grounded in a right to communicate that encompasses rights relating to access, privacy, intellectual property, cultural identity, language, and intellectual freedom is required. This framework provides a new conception of the library as an institution embodying these rights that ensures a public space for civic discourse in the 21st century. As such the right to communicate can be conceived as a pattern consisting of a cluster of rights embodied in the institution of the library. United States Websites The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF): http://www.eff.org/ EFF is a non-profit group of passionate people – lawyers, volunteers, and visionaries – working to protect your digital rights. If America's founding fathers had anticipated the digital frontier, there would be a clause in the Constitution protecting your rights online, as well. Instead, a modern group of freedom fighters was necessary to extend the original vision into the digital world. That's where the EEF comes in. Just as Patriots fought for liberty and freedom, we fight measures that threaten basic human rights. Only the dominion we defend is the vast wealth of digital information, innovation, and technology that resides online. The dedicated people of EFF challenge legislation that threatens to put a price on what is invaluable; to control what must remain boundless. Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC): http://www.epic.org/ EPIC is a public interest research center in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1994 to focus public attention on emerging civil liberties issues and to protect privacy, the First Amendment, and constitutional values. EPIC publishes an award-winning e-mail and online newsletter on civil liberties in the information age – the EPIC Alert. We also publish reports and even books about privacy, open government, free speech, and other important topics related to civil liberties. GigaLaw: http://gigalaw.com/articles/international.html GigaLaw.com provides legal information for Internet and technology professionals, Internet entrepreneurs and the lawyers who serve them. GigaLaw.com is produced exclusively by lawyers and law professors.
An Early Look at the National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace: http://www.gigalaw.com/articles/2003/harvey-2003-04.html The National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace is a report from the Bush Administration that focuses on securing the protection of the cyber systems that support critical infrastructure in the United States. However, the report promulgates no new laws to regulate cyberspace. This article provides an overview of the report and questions whether it could have gone further in motivating corporate America. The Freedom Forum: http://www.freedomforum.org The Freedom Forum, based in Arlington, VA, is a nonpartisan foundation dedicated to free press, free speech and free spirit for all people. The foundation focuses on three priorities: the Newseum, First Amendment, and newsroom diversity. The site has an excellent collection of Related Links. Freedom Forum Related First Amendment Links: http://www.freedomforum.org/templates/document.asp?documentID=13042 Excellent selection of annotated websites dealing with First Amendment, Religious-liberty groups, Journalism-related organizations and publications, newsroom diversity, and a section of International websites dealing with all of the above issues. Internet Free Expression Alliance (IFEA): http://www.ifea.net/ The Internet is a powerful and positive forum for free expression. It is the place where "any Person can become a town crier with a voice that resonates farther than it could from any soapbox," as the U.S. Supreme Court recently observed. Internet users, online publishers, library and academic groups and free speech and journalistic organizations share a common interest in opposing the adoption of techniques and standards that could limit the vibrance and openness of the Internet as a communications medium. Indeed, content "filtering" techniques already have been implemented in ways inconsistent with free speech principles, impeding the ability of Internet users to publish and receive constitutionally protected expression. In Defense of Freedom Statement: http://www.indefenseoffreedom.org/ Read the In Defense of Freedom Statement supported by more than 150 organizations, 300 law professors, and 40 computer scientists. International Websites Article 19 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights: http://www.ifla.org/faife/art19.htm "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers".
The opening paragraphs of Sakharov's Reflections on Progress, Peaceful Coexistence and Intellectual Freedom: http://www.aip.org/history/sakharov/text_essay.htm Beautifully written and a wonderful read. The Global Internet Liberty Campaign: http://www.gilc.org/ The Global Internet Liberty Campaign was formed at the annual meeting of the Internet Society in Montreal. Members of the coalition include the American Civil Liberties Union, the Electronic Privacy Information Center, Human Rights Watch, the Internet Society, Privacy International, the Association des Utilisateurs d'Internet, and other civil liberties and human rights organizations. The Global Internet Liberty Campaign advocates:
· Prohibiting prior censorship of on-line communication. · Requiring that laws restricting the content of on-line speech distinguish between the liability of content providers and the liability of data carriers. · Insisting that on-line free expression not be restricted by indirect means such as excessively restrictive governmental or private controls over computer hardware or software, telecommunication infrastructure, or other essential components of the Internet. · Including citizens in the Global Information Infrastructure (GII) development process from countries that are currently unstable economically, have insufficient infrastructure, or lack sophisticated technology. Warsaw Conference: http://slim.emporia.edu/globenet/Warsaw/Parts.htm Globenet strives to connect and engage with individuals and organizations for the purpose of undertaking a global conversation on these matters. Issues associated with the flow of information, technology, and democracy are themes central to this conversation. Includes conferences, publications, research activities and technological projects. The IFLA Internet Manifesto: http://www.ifla.org/III/misc/im-e.htm A very enlightening read. Library of Congress Information Bulletin: "Culture, Technology, Rationality, Faith Intellectual Debates in Islam in the New Global Era": http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/01078/globalization.html A cybercast of this symposium, as well as others in the series on Globalization in Muslim Societies (including the role of women, law, minorities and intellectual debates in Islam) can be viewed at http://www.loc.gov/locvideo/mslm/globalmuslim.html. The Public Voice: http://www.thepublicvoice.org/ The Public Voice project was established to promote public participation in Internet policy making on issues ranging from privacy and free expression to consumer protection and Internet governance. Through international conferences, reports and funding for travel the Public Voice project seeks to increase the presence of NGOs at meetings across the globe. In cooperation with the OECD, UNESCO, and other international organizations, the Public Voice project brings civil society leaders face to face with government officials for constructive engagement about current policy issues. Public Voice events have been held in Dubai, Hong Kong, Ottawa, Paris, Washington, DC, and Hawaii. Yahoo! Inc., v. La Ligue Contre Le Racisme et L'antisemitisme: http://cdt.org/jurisdiction/010406yahoo.pdf French Court Imposes Speech Restrictions Beyond Its Borders – In a setback for free expression on the Internet, a French court has ruled that U.S.-based Yahoo, Inc. is liable under French law for allowing French citizens to access auction sites including Nazi memorabilia. CDT believes that holding all Internet publishers liable for the constantly changing and potentially restrictive laws of every country and municipality in the world could have a chilling effect on speech and commerce online (November 20, 2000). Users of the Internet benefit from the network's ability to free them from geographic limits on what they can see, do, and experience online. By its nature, the Internet raises important questions in doing so. Governments of the offline world are struggling to deal with critical questions about the limits of their jurisdiction over the Internet, and the ability of any nation to regulate its citizens' activities on the Internet. BOOKS Free Expression, Public Support, and Censorship: Examining Government’s Role in the Arts in Canada in the United States edited by Michael Margolis, Center for the Study of Democracy and Citizenship, 1994. Eleven essays compare various aspects of government support of the arts with the last four focusing on censorship, the NEA controversy and impact of Rust v. Sullivan on both countries. The Democratic Revolution: Struggles for Freedom and Pluralism in the Developing World edited by Larry Diamond. New York, NY: Freedom House; Lanham, MD. Civil society and the struggle for democracy / Larry Diamond; Civil participation in the Argentine democratic process / Maria Rosa S. de,Martini; Building a democratic culture in the Philippines / Dette Pascual; Mobilizing for democracy in Chile / Monica Jimemez de Barros; Fostering democratic culture in Central America / Xavier Zavala Cuadra; The Civil Liberties Organization and the struggle for human rights and democracy in Nigeria / Clement Nwankwo; Promoting democracy and building institutes in Thailand / Chai-Anan Samudavanija; The Philippine Alternative Press and the toppling of a dictator / Felix B. Bautista; The struggle for free expression in South Africa / Anthony Hazlitt Heard; Nigeria's embattled fourth estate / Ray Ekpu; Thirty years of turbulent journalism in the Sudan / Bona Malwal; Colombia and the drug war / Maria Jimena Duzan.
The Boundaries of Freedom of Expression & Order in American Democracy edited by Thomas R. Hensley. Extensive collection of essays on broad range of issues including information access, hate speech, first and second amendments, constitutional theory, and academic freedoms. Liberty and authority in free exoression law: the United States and Canada by Karla K. Gower. Historical overview of freedom of speech in the U.S. and Canada from 1900 to the present. The Struggle for Democracy. Program 7, The first freedom [videorecording] / produced by Democracy Films Limited in association with Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Central Independent Television, and WQED - Pittsburgh with the participation of Telefilm Canada and Petro-Canada Ltd. Explores one of the fundamental rights in any democracy: the right to free expression. Traces the connections between the invention of the printing press, the beginnings of Hansard in England (official transcripts of parliamentary proceedings), and the televised Iran-Contra hearings. Mind War: Book Censorship in English Canada by Birdsall, Peter & Delores Broten Canlit, 1978. A summary of incidents reported in the news from the 1930s to the 1970s, mostly in Toronto and British Columbia. Shows the expansion from "seditious and salacious" to protecting minorities. Describes the "extra-legal methods" sometimes employed by officials, and the pressures from politicians and citizen groups. Notes the need for librarian training to include how to balance anticensorship and anti-racist/sexist materials. The Limits of Tolerance: Scarescrow by Curry, Ann, 1996. A study of responses to IF issues by public library directors in the U.K. and Canada. Particularly interesting is the differing roles asked of the national professional associations. Interpreting: Censorship in Canada edited by Klaus Peterson and Allan C. Hutchinson, University of Toronto, 1999. Essay collection tending toward the philosophical, with an emphasis on cultural pluralism. Ann Curry wrote the library chapter which is more down-to-earth and also more firm in defense of free expression. Intro: "the question therefore is not 'censorship or free speech' but censorship in what form, by whom, and in whose interest?" Freedom of Expression and the Charter by Schneiderman, David Thompson, 1991. Nothing specifically about libraries, but the section on hate laws is thought provoking. Fear of Words: Censorship and the Public Libraries of Canada by Schrader, Alvin M., CLA 1995. Report of study/survey of libraries. Noted correlation of age restrictions and controversial viewpoint restriction. Appendix of documents includes 1974 CLA Statement on Intellectual Freedom, 1994 Information and Telecommunication Access Principles. ARTICLES “U.S. government control over the export of scientific research and other technical data: holes in the sieve.” Michigan Journal of Intemational Law,16:583. “Freedom of Expression and Expressions of Freedom” by David C. Slade World and I; Nov 1999, v.14, 11, 86 The article discusses the laws governing citizens' rights to freedom of speech. An evaluation of various Supreme Court cases is presented. “Democracy@internet.asia? The challenges to the emancipatory potential of the net: lessons from China and Malaysia.” (Statistical Data Included) by Jason P. Abbott. Third World Quarterly; Feb 2001, v.22, 1, 99(16). This article examines the impact of the Internet on Asia, specifically Malaysia and China, and evaluates whether the new information technology truly is a tool for democratization in countries with strong restrictions on freedom of speech and expression. The author asserts that the Internet's political economy must first be analyzed; the Internet as a new forum of dissent and opposition is offset by growing commercialization of the net; another negative factor is the division of information technology among the North and South, as well as between gender, education and wealth of users in each region. “The new code words for censorship (using legislation to restrict press freedom)” by Marilyn Greene. The American Editor; Dec 1999, v.74, 9, 18(2). Governments across the world are adopting legislative approaches to restricting the freedom of the press. In some countries, the banning of statements claimed to represent 'hate speech' is used as a pretext to limit the freedom of the press and of expression. Other countries have imposed codes of conduct for journalists which are thinly disguised attempts to impose controls on what is reported. Other examples of the legislative approach to restricting the freedom of the press include demanding self-regulation by journalists. “Freedom of Expression and the Charter Thompson” By David Schneiderman. 1991. Nothing specifically about libraries, but the section on hate laws is thought provoking. “Regardless of frontiers: protecting the human right to freedom of expression on the global Internet.” Publication: Center Democracy and Technology; 1999. Publisher: Center for Democracy and Technology. Examines the Internet as a medium suited to promoting democracy and resistant to government controls, dangers of indirect censorship, and governments' efforts to control content and access; includes eight international and regional agreements that show commitment to freedom of expression; 1990s, chiefly. http://www.cdt.org/gilc/Regardless_of_Frontiers.pdf
“Freedom of speech and privacy in the information age.” Information Society 13:171-84 Ap/Je 1997. Examines the nature of the freedom of expression in Canada as guaranteed by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms; focuses on privacy and free speech in the context of computer network communications.
BIOGRAPHIES
Theresa Chmara, Partner, Jenner and Block, Washington, D.C. Theresa Chmara is a partner with the Washington, D.C. office of Jenner & Block. She is a 1985 cum laude graduate of Boston College and a 1988 cum laude graduate of Georgetown University Law Center. Theresa Chmara has been with Jenner & Block since June 1, 1988. While at Jenner & Block, she has been a trial and appellate litigator working on matters involving advertising, antitrust, administrative, constitutional, and First Amendment issues. She has litigated matters in court, arbitration proceedings and argued appeals before both the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and the Seventh Circuit. She is member of the bars of the United States Supreme Court, District of Columbia, New Jersey and various federal court districts. Ms. Chmara is General Counsel of the Freedom to Read Foundatiop and a board member of the American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression. Mariana Tax Choldin Marianna Tax Choldin is C. Walter and Gerda B. Mortenson Distinguished Professor in the University's great library in Urbana. In 1991 she became the founding director of the Mortenson Center for International Library Programs. She has traveled all over the world to work with librarians, promoting improved library services, new technologies, and especially freedom of information. The Mortenson program brings librarians to Urbana-Champaign, some for short courses and some for extended periods of study. To date more than 500 Mortenson Associates from 76 countries have spent time on the campus. The Center has initiated new cooperative programs in Russia, Central America, Haiti, Georgia, and South Africa and is exploring partnerships in some other countries. In conjunction with her activities as Mortenson Professor, from 1997 to 2000 she chaired the multifaceted library program of the Soros Foundation, which has distributed millions of dollars to libraries and librarians in more than 30 countries. Educated at the University of Chicago, Marianna Tax Choldin received her bachelor's degree with Phi Beta Kappa in 1962 and her doctorate in 1979. She has been on the faculty of the University of Illinois-Urbana for 33 years. She is an adjunct professor in the Graduate School of Library and Information Science, and has been director of the Russian and East European Center and head of the Slavic and East European Library. In her own research Professor Choldin studies censorship in Russia, the Soviet Union, and the post-Communist world. The author of numerous articles and books, she is best known for A Fence Around the Empire: Russian Censorship of Western Ideas Under the Tsars and The Red Pencil: Artists, Scholars, and Censors in the USSR (co-edited with Maurice Friedberg). In 1995 she was elected president of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies. In 2000 the government of Russia awarded her the Pushkin Gold Medal for contributions to culture. In 2001 she was the first recipient of the University of Illinois' Distinguished Faculty Award for International Achievement. Dr. Michael Geist Dr. Geist is the Canada Research Chair of Internet and E-commerce Law at the University of Ottawa and serves as Technology Counsel to Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP. He has obtained a Bachelor of Laws (L.L.B.) degree from Osgoode Hall Law School in Toronto, Master of Laws (L.L.M.) degrees from Cambridge Univeristy in the UK and Columbia Law School in New York, and a Doctorate in Law (J.S.D) from Columbia Law School. Dr. Geist has written numerous academic articles and government reports on the Internet and law, is columnist on technology law issues for the Toronto Star, the creator and consulting editor of BNA's Internet Law News, a daily Internet law news service, editor of the monthly newsletter, Internet and E-commerce Law in Canada (Butterworths), the founder of the Ontario Research Network for E-commerce, on the advisory boards of several leading Internet law publications including Electronic Commerce & Law Report (BNA), the Journal of Internet Law (Aspen) and Internet Law and Business (Computer Law Reporter) as well as the author of the textbook Internet Law in Canada (Captus Press) which is now in its third edition. Dr. Geist's work has been recognized with several important awards and grants including the 2002 Canadian Association of Law Teachers Scholarly Paper Award and a major research grant from the SSHRC Initiative on the New Economy for his research on Internet jurisdiction. In 2003, Dr. Geist became the first law professor to receive the Ontario Premier's Research Excellence Award and also obtained a significant grant from Amazon.com to establish Canada's first technology law public interest litigation clinic at the University of Ottawa. Dr. Geist was recently named one of Canada's Top 40 Under 40 and received Canarie's IW A Y Public Leadership Award. Dr. Geist serves on the director and advisory boards of several Internet and IT law organizations including the Canadian Internet Registration Authority, the dot-ca administrative agency, the Canadian IT Law Association, Watchfire, and Verifia. He is chair of a global Internet jurisdiction project for the American Bar Association and International Chamber of Commerce. He is regularly quoted in the national and international media on Internet law issues and has appeared before government committees on e-commerce policy. More information can be obtained at http://www.lawbytes.ca.
BNA's Internet Law News at http://www.bna.com/ilaw Toronto Star Law Bytes columns at http://shorl.com/derakoprutapu Internet Law Text at http://www.captus.com/Information/inetlaw-flyer.htm Canadian Privacy Law at http://www.privacyinfo.ca ICANN UDRP Info at http://www.udrpinfo.com ccTLD Governance Project at http://www.cctldinfo.com/ |
