1. Based on the idea that because all societies have it, it must be good, ALL off the following ideas would follow the structural functionalist perspective of stratification EXCEPT: a. occupational differentiation b. efficiency of production c. meritocracy based d. exploitation e. wealth and opportunity 2. Prior to World War II mainly men held the occupation of secretary. At this time it was a very prestigious position. Today the job is held primarily by women, and does not have the same prestige. This is an example of: a. modernization of the workplace b. gender stratification in the workplace c. pink colariffication in the workplace d. ascription in the work place e. occupational differentiation in the workplace 3. From the conflict perspective the modernization theory is criticized for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. it looks at countries as being isolated b. the trickle down effect ensues c. history of exploitation d. modernization has not happened everywhere e. high interest rates 4. The idea that Arabs are terrorist, Blacks are dangerous, and Asians are smart are all over simplified inaccurate mental pictures of a certain group. This classification is referred to as: a. prejudice b. discrimination c. stereotype d. racism e. scapegoat 5. Economist Thomas Malthus would consider all of the following as positive checks, famine, disease and war because: a. he is a psychopath and wants to wipe out the world's population b. he determined the theory that population increases exponentially while food supply increases arithmetically c. he ascribes to the theory that war is not a function of society, but rather is a natural phenomenon d. he does not believe in birth control or abortion and sees them as the only way to control population growth e. he looks at population in terms of mortality not fertility ANSWERS: 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 1. In country X, there has been a increased drive toward industry and a large increase in the standard of living. Social change has helped education become more accessible. According to the Modernization Theory, which stage is country X in? a. take-off b. high mass consumption c. traditional d. technological maturity answer: D 2. Which is not an example of an ascribed status? a. being a legacy at Notre Dame b. being a mother/father c. being a teenager d. being male/female answer: B 3. According to the David Moore Thesis, some degree of stratification is needed in society. This idea is an example of which sociological perspective? a. structural- functional b. symbolic integration c. stratification d. conflict answer: A 4. Mary has a very strong emotional tie to her religion and faith, although she does not always go to church. Mary's religiosity can be described as: a. experimental b. ideological c. ritualistic d. intellectual answer: A 5. Which of the following is not a reason for the development of stereotypes? a. stereotypes are a natural outcome of the perception process b. distribution of groups into social roles c. media representation certain groups d. interaction with other types of people A society in which the birth rate is dropping because children are more of a liablilty than an asset is in what stage? A. pre industrial b.early industrial c.full industrializaion d.post industrial (c) 2.Which of the followint does not fit with the sociological definition of a crowd? a.mob b.riot c.protest d.a line at the post office (d) 3.Which theory of stratification claims that " no one will advance?" a. modernization b.dependency c.ascription d.meritocracy (b) 4.The conflict perspective on stratification would claim all BUT which of the following? a.oppression will end in an overthrow of the upperclass b.stratification is good for society c.there are 2 classes: owners and laborers d.stratification leads to efficiency and productivity (d) 5.Which of the following is not a classic problem of a beurocracy: a. waste and incompetence b.ritualism c.inertia d.specialization (d) 1. During which stage of the Modernization Theory of global poverty might a country undergo urbanization? A) Traditional B) Take-Off C) Move to Technological Maturity D) High Mass Consumption 2. Which of the following involves action? A) Stereotype B) Prejudice C) Racism D) Discrimination 3. Which of the following is not a possibility for why prejudices exist? A) Scapegoat B) Structural Theory C) Cultural Theory D) Conflict Theory E) "Authoritarian Personality" 4. During the 3rd stage of the Demographic Transition Theory, Full Industrialization, _________ is most likely to occur. A) A huge drop in population growth B) A death rate increase C) A rise in population growth D) A birth rate decrease 5. Localized collective behavior includes all of the following except A) Crowd B) Mob C) Riot D) Protest E) Rumor Answers: 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. E 1. According to Marx, what is "the opium of the masses?" a. education b. illegal drugs c. television d. religion <---- 2. The caste system is a type of ______ stratification. a. closed <---- b. open c. unfair d. equitable 3. In general, most Americans view themselves as _________ . a. upper class b. middle class <---- c. lower class d. none of the above 4. According to the Modernization Theory of Global Power, wealthy countries can help poorer countries by: a. providing them with birth control b. distributing food production technology c. foreign investment d. all of the above <---- 5. Population growth = a. crude death - crude birth b. # of old people - # of young adults c. crude birth - crude death <---- d. crude immigration - crude death 1. What are the two types of collective behavior? a) dispersed and controversial b) localized and spontaneous c) localized and dispersed d) spontaneous and undirected 2. Which of the following is NOT an origin of stereotypes? a) media representation b) impulsive behavior c) direct experience d) distribution of groups into social roles e) natural outcome of perception processes 3. What are reasons for explaining poverty? a) poor are responsible b) media is responsible c) society is responsible d) peers are responsible e) a and c f) all of the above 4. How many principles of stratification are there? a) 2 b) 9 c) 4 d) 25 5. What is religiosity? a) understood values and norms of our culture b) the decline of influence of religion c) the reason which churches are stronger d) how religious people are and what influences it has on them and their daily life ANSWERS: 1. c 2. b 3. e 4. c 5. d 1. Which of the following is not a recognized cause of poverty? c a. technology b. population growth c. relative deprivation d. gender inequality 2. Social movements are: d a. the most important form of collective behavior b. highly organized c. long-lasting d. all of the above 3. Which is not one of the four basic theories to explain social movements? d a. relative deprivation b. resource mobilization theory c. strain theory d. convergence theory 4. An activity involving large numbers of people which is often spontaneous and controversial is: a a. collective behavior b. mass society c. global stratification d. institutions 5. Social stratifications is: a. a characteristic of society b. universal yet variable c. persistent over generations d. supported by beliefs e. all of the above 1. Which is NOT a principle of Social Stratification? a) universal, yet variable b) supported by belief systems c) some people have more than others d) persists over generations e) characteristic of all societies ANSWER: C 2. What is the Modernization Theory in regards to global poverty? a) provide birth control b) natural progression in history, people start poor and beome more modern c) poor countries stay marginalized due to exploitation by the rich countries d) historical relations between the countries (colonization) ANSWER: B 3. Someone who discriminates, but is not prejudiced is a(n): a) active bigot b) all-weather liberals c) timid bigot d) fair-weather liberals ANSWER: D 4. Which is NOT a theory of why prejudices exist? a) Discrimination Theory b) Scapegoat Theory c) Adorno's Authoritarian Personality Theory d) Cultural Theory e) Conflict Theory ANSWER: A 5. Collective behavior is: a) locally done b) can be done in different, more dispersed, situations c) an often spontaneousand sometimes controversial act of a bunch of people d) temporary gathering of people, sharing the focus of attention and influencing each other ANSWER: C 1. If you know a lot of information about your religion, yet you may not attend its practices regularly, which of the following categories would you rate high in a. Experiential b. Ritualistic c. Ideological d. Consequential e. Intellectual 2. How much money a person accrues in a year is a. Stock b. Income c. Wealth d. Pay checks 3. What is an oversimplified, inaccurate mental picture about a certain group? a. Ethnicity b. Racism c. Stereotype d. Prejudice e. Discrimination 4. Which of the following is studied in population trends? a. Size b. Composition c. Mobility d. All of the above 5. Which of the following is not an example of local collect behavior? a. Crowd b. Mob c. Riot d. Protest e. Fashion Answers 1. e 2. b 3. c 4. d 5. e 1. The Modernization Theory of Poverty states that: a) the rich will get richer and the poor will get poorer b)everyone will advance c) no one will advance d) everyone will become equal 2. All are principles of social stratification except: a) characteristic of society b) universal and uniform c) persists over generations d) supported by beliefs 3. Causes of poverty include all except: a) technology b) population growth c) cultural patterns d) language patterns e) gender inequality f) global power relationship 4. Adorno's "Authoritarian Personality" states that prejudice exists because it is a personality trait which is strongly ethnocentric and wishes to protect the status quo. True or False 5. The prisoner's dilemma usually ends that when people act logically, they defect and receive the Punishment payoff. True or False. 1.) Megan went to the Notre Dame/Indiana basketball game and sat on the opposing side of the gym. Megan noticed that the entire home side of the gym was clapping together. All of a sudden, a fight broke out in the middle of the ND crowd between two Indiana fans (apparently one of the fans quit rooting for IU and decided ND was the better school to win the game). What sociological theory would best describe this type of behavior? A) the Contagion Theory B) the Convergence Theory C) the Emergence Norm D) dispersed collective behavior 2.)Which of the following example(s) best describes what migration is? A) An Irish family moves to the United States because of a potato famine B) An Irish family moves to the United States because he is offered a higher paying job then the one he now has C) An Irish family is forced to move out of the country after openly pronouncing himself a part of the IRA. D) A and B E) A and C F) All of the above 3.) Children are bused to school everyday in a district rich in bigotry. According to this sociological theory, busing children to school will help end this bigotry. A) Direct Experience Theory B) Contact Theory C) Bigotry Theory D) Cultural Theory 4.)According to this theory of Global Poverty, there is a natural progression for poor countries to industrialize, produce wealth for a few, and eventually have that wealth trickle down to the rest of the community so that everyone benefits. What is this theory called? A) The Dependency Theory B) The Industrial Community Theory C) The Modernization Theory D) The Rich Man Theory 5.) James Aho wrote Popular Christianity and Political Extremism in the United States in which he portrays: A) Affects of social constructions on individuals B) Secularization C) How religion dramatizes racial inequality D) The Consequential aspect of Religiosity Answers: 1)A 2)F 3)B 4)C 5)A 1. An individual who believes in church doctrine (such as the Catholic church's prohibition of birth control) demonstrates which kind of religiosity? a. Experiential b. Ritualistic c. Ideological d. Consequential e. Intellectual answer: c 2. Which of the following is one of the principles of social stratification? a. Men are always superior to women. b. Persists over generations c. stratification is identical in all cultures d. The gap between the rich and the poor will always be increasing e. Those in the middle-class suffer the most due to social stratification answer: b 3. Which of the following is closest to the average wealth of the bottom 5th of the US population? a. -10% b. -.5% c. 5% d. 15% e. 20% answer: b 4. A kindergarden teacher belongs to which class of workers? a. white collar b. blue collar c. pink collar d. unskilled laborers answer: c 5. Which of the following is NOT a cause of global poverty? a. Technology b. Population Growth c. Cultural Patterns d. Gender Inequality e. Changing Global Weather Patterns (ex. global warming) answer: e 1) In the Prisionner's Dilemma, if an individual cooperates and their partner in crime defects, what is the outcome for this individual? A) SUCKER'S PAYOFF b) temptation c) punishment d) reward e) fool's choice 2) Pokemon is a prime example of a: a) fashion b) cohersion c) moral D) FAD e) frame 3) Olson stated that _________ people _______ get involved in social movements without outside incentive. a) logical, will B) LOGICAL, WILL NOT c) unlogical; will d) unlogical, probably will e) unlogical, will not 4) A inaccurate, over-simplified picture of others in another group is: a) an internal conflict b) fad c) prejudice D) STEREOTYPE e) racial differentiation 5) The Contagion Theory states that crowds of people causes an individual to feel: A) ANNONYMOUS AND FREE OF RESPONSIBILITY, IRRATIONAL b) annonymous and free of responsibility, rational c) individual but free from responsibility, irrational d) individual and responsible for their actions, rational e) annonymous and responsible for their actions, irrational 1. The ranking of entire groups of people, based on race, gender, or social class, which perpetuates unequal rewards and life chances in society is: a. stratification b. authority c. capitalist d. caste system 2. What idea creates a belief that poor people are to blame for their own suffering? a. absolute poverty b. culture of poverty c. competitive individualism d. near-poor 3. What kind of racism exists in established institutional practices and customs that reflect, produce, and maintain racial inequality? a. symbolic racism b. institutional racism c. discrimination d. prejudice 4. What kind of sexism is most apparent during the course of everyday interaction, and can be particularly dangerous when expressed in the form of sexual harassment and sexual violence? a. institutional sexism b. comparable sexism c. patriarchical sexism d. personal sexism 5. They are distinctive generations tied together by historical events, national and global population trends, and large-scale societal changes: a. age structure b. birth cohorts c. period effect d. demography answers: A,C,B,D,B 1. A ranking system for groups of people that perpetuates unequal rewards and life chances in society is... a. working class b. socialization c. ruling class d. stratification e. conflict's theory Answer- D 2. As a child, Mary grew up in the inner city with "blue collar" parents. In high school, Mary studied hard, went t ocollege on scholarship, and got a "white collar job after graduation. She now lives in the suburbs and is now able to support her children's college education. Mary is an example of... a. social mobility b. social class c. stratification d. petite bourgeoisie Answer- A 3. The theory that states that some people don't contribute to society, but still benefit from it is called a. Inactive Theory b. beneifiters theory c. Free-riders Problem d. Marx's theory on Laziness Answer- C 4. Gender is.. a. Feminine vs. Masculine b. and effect of stratification c. socially constructed d. determnined by doctors at birth Answer- C 5. The Civil Rights Movement is an example of a. discrimination b. social movement c. collective behavior d. social diliema Answer- C 1) The causes of global poverty include all but one of the following: a) Gender Inequality b) Ethnicity c) Technology d) Population Growth Answer: b 2) The Free-Rider Problem deals with: a) Framing within the Political Opportunity Structure b) Identity Politics c) Individuals who do all the work without benefits d) Individuals who let others do all the work and do not contribute Answer: d 3) Stereotypes are: a) oversimplified accurate mental pictures of others b) oversimplified inaccurate metal pictures of others c) complex accurate mental pictures of others d) complex inaccurate mental pictures of others Answer: b 4) Origins of Stereotypes form from: a) Direct Experience b) Media Representation c) Both are correct d) Both are incorrect Answer: c 5) Which of the following is NOT a Theory of Crowd Behavior? a) Emergence Norm Theory b) Social Displacement Theory c) Convergence Theory d) Contagion Theory Answer: b 1. Someone in your neighborhood wants the city to build a park. You decide not to contribute to the project, but everyone else does contribute. As a result, the park is built. What kind of payoff is this for you? a) sucker's payoff b) punishment payoff c) temptation payoff <--correct answer d) reward payoff 2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of ethnicity? a) values b) history c) habits d) skin color <--correct answer 3. Which of the following parts of the demographic transition theory has a high birth rate but a low death rate? a) pre-industrial b) early industrial <--correct answer c) full industrialization d) post-industrialization 4. All the following are criticisms of Modernization Theory except: a) it doesn't explain how many countries developed <--correct answer b) it hasn't happened yet in a lot of countries c) it is a defense of the status quo d) it looks at countries as being isolated 5. Which of the following statements is true? a) As women have taken over previously male jobs (such as secretaries), the prestige level and the pay of that occupation increased. b) As women have taken over previously male jobs, the prestige level of the occupation has increased, but the pay has decreased. c) As women have taken over previously male jobs, the prestige level and the pay of that occupation decreased. <--correct answer d) As women have taken over previously male jobs, the prestige level decreased but the amount of pay of the occupation increased. 1. Compared to Malthus's predictions in his theory of population growth, the world's population is a) greater because of an increased food supply. b) greater because of decreased warfare. c) less because of disease and war. d) less because of birth control. e) both c and d 2. According to the contaigon theory, people in a crowd will: a) express their beliefs. b) feel anonymous and so act irrationally. c) follow certain crowd norms. d) act in a very calm manner. 3. Which of the following is not a limitation of the scientific approach to sociological research: a) human behavior is too complex to precisely predict b) personal values distort work c) data is not always intended for the specific research d) social patterns change according to time and culture e) all are limitations 4 .According to Adorno, which of the following are not characteristics of the authoritarion personality: a) view moral issues in black and white b) see competition and hierarchy as natural c) have rigid conformity to social norms d) have a strong social position e) none of the above 5. What are possible ways to speed up the process of modernization in undeveloped countries. a) birth control b) introduce industrial technology c) distribute food production technology d) increase programs of foreign investment e) all of the above Answers 1) e 2) b 3) c 4) d 5) e 1. Which is not one of the four principles of social stratification? a. It is universal yet variable b. It is supported by beliefs c. It is universal yet unvarying d. It persists over generations 2. Which of the following is true? a. Income is how much you earn in a year whereas wealth is the valuable goods that you own. b. Wealth is how much you earn in a year whereas income is the valuable goods that you own c. Wealth and Income are the same d. All of the above are true 3. Which of the following is not a criticism of the modernization theory? a. It has not happened in many countries b. It looks at countries as being entirely isolated c. It calls for a radical change in society d. It ignores historical relationships between countries such as colonization 4. In Merton's theory of discrimination and prejudice, the timid bigot: a. is prejudiced and discriminates b. is prejudiced but does not discriminate c. is not prejudiced but discriminates d. is not prejudiced and does not discriminate 5. Which is not a theory about collective behavior? a. Contagion Theory b. Convergence Theory c. Emergence-Norm Theory d. Crowd Action Theory ANSWERS 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D According to Gender Classification, which of the following is not a characteristic of Feminity a) sensitivity b) moody c) aggression d) talkative Someone who discriminates but does not hold prejudice is a) an active bigot b) allweather liberal c) fairweather liberal d) timid bigot The figure who when speaking on religion claimed, "religion is the apiate of the masses" was a) Durkheim b) Marx c) Weber d) Myers The following is a characteristic of a caste a) open b) social mobility c) individual achievement d) ascribed Which statictic regarding poverty is correct a) 40 million Americans live below the poverty line b) 40% of the poor are over the age of 18 c) Men are 5 times more likely to be poor d) White people are 3 times more likely to be poor answer key: c, c, b, d, a 1) Which of the three founding fathers believed religion was the opium of the masses? (a)Max Weber (b)Karl Marx (c)Durkheim (d)none of the above Answer-(b) 2) Industrialized societies usually have a (a)class system (b)relaxed system (c)caste system (d)all of the above Answer-(a) 3) The idea that some people have more than others is (a)Secularization (b)Meritocracy (c)Soceal Stratification (d)none of the above Answer-(c) 4) Which is not a cause of Global Poverty? (a)Technology (b)Gender Inequality (c)Social Stratification (d)none of the above Answer-(d) 5) An example of a localized collective behavior is (a)a protest (b)a rumor (c)a fashion (d)all of the above Answer-(a) 1. A social movement that encourges a limited change in specific individuals or groups of individuals is ______. a) alternative b) reformative c) redemptive d) revolutionary Answer: a 2. Wealth is ______. a) income b) the amount of money taken in c) the amount of goods and services that one controls d) being rich Answer: c 3. Mark lives in a town that wants a new recreational center. Mark doesn't contribute anything towards the new center, yet it was built anyway. According to the Public Goods dilemma, what would Mark be classified under? a) sucker's payoff b) temptation c) punishment d) reward Answer: b 4. Paul always goes to church, but doesn't necessarily believe in all of his church's doctrines. Paul's religiosity is ______. a) consequential b) experiential c) ideological d) ritualistic Answer: d 5. What research method requires a researcher to interact with his or her subjects? a) surveys b) experiments c) participant observation d) empirical Answer: c 1) Which of the following is NOT an example of stratification: (b) a) slavery b) starting and back up quarterback c) noble birth d) being rich 2) If you have prejudice but you do not discriminate you are a: (c) a) Active bigot b) Fair weather liberal c) Timid bigot d) All weather liberal 3) What does the mass society theory say? (a) a) People feel insignificant and therefore are attracted to social movements. b) People follow and conform to the actions of the masses. c) An individual has very little power to affect the outcome of societal events. d) People never act alone. 4) When a man reads a paper left behind and bought by another man, this is an example of what? (d) a) A spurious relationship. b) Public space dilemma. c) Convergence theory. d) Free rider problem. 5) What is the most important source of gender stratification according to Madriz? (c) a) Race b) Sexual orietation c) Gender d) Age 1)Which of the following refers to a program designed to seek out members of minority groups for positions from which they had previously been excluded: (a) social movement (b) discrimination (c) affirmative action (d) reform movement Ans: (c) 2) Which is a justification for poverty according to the functionalist perspective? (a) allows the exploitation of the poor by the rich people (b) it reinforces the ethic of hard work (c) because the poor people deserve it (d) so that the rich can get richer Ans: (b) 3) What does false consciousness lead to? (a) preventing people from protesting or instigating revolution (b) creating equality between the rich and the poor (c) making the poor people protesting their case (d) making the poor people realize that they are in fact inherently inferior to the rich Ans: (a) 4) The ruling class is (a) those who work for their interests and also that of others (b) those who ensure that not too much inequality prevails in the society (c) those who ensure that power is equally distributed among groups (d) those who care only for their own interests Ans: (d) 5) Which of the follwoing was illustrated by Feagin, Vera and Imani in their article entitled "The agony of education"? (a) Racial conflict (b) Class conflict (c) Gender conflict (d) Religious conflict Ans: (a) 1) Which of the following is not a cause of poverty? a) Technology b) Discrimination c) Population growth d) Cultural Patterns e) Gender inequality answer: b 2) A fad is an example of: a) Dispersed collective behavior b) Mass Media c) Technological Maturaty d) Gross Domestic Product e) Status inconsistency answer: a 3) Which of the following is the definition of a stereotype? a) a single, rigid, irrational belief b) implies action, treating different categories of people unequally c) an oversimplified, inaccurate mental picture of some group d) existence of racism in social institutions answer: c 4) Which of the following does not accept gender socialization? a) family b) peer group c) school d) politics e) mass media answer: d 5) Which of the following is not typical of the "pre-industrial period?" a) high birth rates b) high death rates c) slow population growth d) increase in food supply e) some kids working to support adults answer: d 1.) When do countermovements typically emerge? A. When old cultural rules that governed people's lives no longer apply B. WHEN A REFORM MOVEMENT BECOMES LARGE AND EFFECTIVE C. Before resources are mobilized D. When isolated people feel a part of the society 2.) Which of the following is a characteristic of Contagion Theory? A. Participants have same ways of thinking and desire the same goals B. Crowds are guided by norms that evolve as situations develop C. CROWDS ALLOW PEOPLE TO ACT WITHOUT RESPONSIBILITY DUE TO ANONYMITY D. People feel deprived of needed elements 3.) Initial declines in a country's death rate occur during the: A. Preindustrial stage B. EARLY INDUSTRIAL STAGE C. Fully Industrial stage D. Post Industrial stage 4.) According to Conflict Theorists, prejudice: A. is a personality trait B. offers a scapegoat to vent frustration C. results from cultural feeling D. JUSTIFIES THE EXPLOITATION OF GROUPS 5.) Critics of the Structural-Functionalist perspective regarding stratification maintain that: A. REWARDS ARE NOT ALWAYS LINKED TO THE IMPORTANCE OF OCCUPATION B. stratification leads to efficiency C. stratification allows occupational differentiation D. stratification results from meritocracy 1.) All of these act as limitations on scientific approach in sociological research EXCEPT: a.)the complexity of human nature b.)changing social patterns c.)differences between gender d.)personal values distorting work e.)researcher causing subject to alter his/her actions answer: c 2.) True or False? In comparing the two theories about global poverty, the modernization theory is less popular than the dependency theory. answer: True 3.) Which of these scientific research methods are expensive? a.) experiments b.) participant observation c.) survey research d.) using secondary data e.) answers a and c answer: e 4.) Which of these is an origin of stereotypes as described in Professor Myers' lecture? a.) education b.) media representation c.) wealth d.) religion answer: b 5.) True or False? The contamination model of race and ethnicity has to do with the unfair treatment of females in comparison to males. answer: False 1. Which one of these characteristics does not describe a person's ethnicity? a. Baptist b. polish c. white d. slavic 2. Which one of these is an action as oppossed to an attitude about a person's race/ehtnicity? a. stereotype b. discrimination c. prejudice d. all are actions 3. Which of the following situations may be classified as institutional racism? a. a roomate does not allow aa asian person into his room on the basis of his/her race b. the legacy admission policy in a college fraternity leaves no room for an african-american. c. a white preacher prophesizes that only whites will go to heaven d. a single person uses an unappropritate term to address his Japanese friend 4. Which of these is not a socially defined origin of stereotypes? a. direct experience/contact b. media portrayal c. social role distribution d. all of these are correct origins 5. Population growth is based on... a. crude birth rate minus crude death rate b. crude death rate minus crude birth rate c. the crude birth rate d. the crude death rate correct answers: 1c, 2b, 3b, 4d, 5a 1. The push and pull force that attracts people to come to a place is called a. population growth b. migration c. population composition d. demography 2. A crowd of people is standing outside an abortion clinic with signs, and engaging in non-violent actions. This is called collective behavior. Specifically, this is an example of a. rumor b. mob c. riot d. protest 3. All of the following contribute to gender socializaton EXCEPT a. family b. school c. income d. mass media 4. The theory about global poverty which states that industry produces wealth in countries, and the effects will eventually benefit everyone is called a. modernizaton theory b. dependency theory c. cultural theory d. conflict theory 5. The unfair treatment of people based on some social characteristics is called a. stereotyping b. symbolism c. affirmative action d. discrimination Answers: b,d,c,a,d 1. When a child remains of the same economic status as his parents, his social position is said to be a) prescribed *b) ascribed c) assigned d) persistant 2. According to Merton, one who holds prejudices but does not act in a descriminatory manor is said to be a/an a) active bigot *b) timid bigot c) fair-weather liberal d) all-weather liberal 3. A University that consistnatly does not admit Indian students, but does not have any written policies against this is representational of a) the viscous cycle b) white privilage *c) Institutional Racism d) social distance 4. According to the scapegoat theory, prejudice seems to be more previlant among the *a) more disadvantaged people b) more educated c) upper echelon d) psycologically disturbed 5. When a Turkish family leaves Turkey because of decreasing job availability and increasing poverty, the factors that urge them to leave are termed a) forced migrational forces b) pull factors c) migrational symptoms *d) push factors 1. What is the relationship between a theory and a hypothesis? a. A proven theory may become a hypothesis b. Only a hypothesis with a variable can become a theory c. A hypothesis may become a theory after experimentation d. Surveys translate a theory to a hypothesis e. There is no relationship between a theory and hypothesis 2. All of the following statements explain when a sociologist would use a survey except: a. When carrying out field observations is too time consuming b. When there is a lack of funding to setup a controlled experiment c. Because he feels like it d. a and b are true e. None of the above statements are true. 3. Based on our reading, which nation would you assume to have the highest divorce rate? a. The United States b. Guatemala c. Russia d. Mexico e. Somolia 4. Personal Racism includes all the following forms except: a. The use of derogatory names b. Established, institutionalized segregation laws c. Biased treatment during face-to-face contact d. Avoidance e. Acts of Violence 5. In the household. . . a. Women typically do fewer chores than they admitt b. On average women spend less time on chores than men c. Men tend to downplay the time they spend on chores d. Men and women tend to equally share chores e. Men usually claim to do more chores than they actually complete Answers: 1. c 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. e There are 5 types of religiosity; which is not one of the types: a. experiantial b. EXPERIMENTAL c. consequential d. intellectual Merton described someone who discriminates, but is not prejudiced as: a. a person who discriminates when given the opportunity b. an timid bigot c. A PERSON WHO DISCRIMINATES WHEN SOCIALLY PRESSURED TO d. a person who was not brought up prejudiced. All these are reason why as society we want to know what "race" a person belongs to but, a. MAKING SURE WE KNOW TO DISCRIMINSTE HIM/HER b. knowing how to interact with him/her c. making susre not to offend him/her d. in forming our in/out groups In the example in class of Prisoner's Dilemna, the Punishment Payoff was a. 10 years b. 1 year c. 15 years d. 5 YEARS An example of dispersed collective behavior is a. a Notre Dame football game b. BOTTLED WATER c. a riot d. disco 1. Who believes that "religion is the opia of the masses?" A A. Marx B. Weber C. Durkheim D. Mormans 2. Which of the following countries follows a caste system? C A. America B. Canada C. India D. Argentina 3. A doctor puts in eight tough years of schooling to accomplish his dream of becoming a doctor. When he is finally liscensed, he makes a lot of money and commands a great deal of respect. This is an example of: B A. Conflict perspective on stratification B. Occupational Differentiation C. A Class system D. A Proletariat 4. Occupations such as lawyers, CEO's, and doctors are concidered, D A. Blue collar B. Pink collar C. Red collar D. White collar 5. Which class do only three to four percent of Americans fall into? A A. Upper B. Middle C. Working D. Lower 1. Which of the following is not an aspect of Hirsch’s Control Theory of deviance? a. attachment b. conflict c. involvement d. beliefs e. commitment 2. Which of the following components of religiosity indicates the effect that religion has on an individual’s behavior? a. experiential b. ritualistic c. ideological d. consequential e. intellectual 3. Which of the following research methods is most used in sociology? a. experimentation b. survey research c. participant observation d. correlation studies e. secondary / historical data 4. Which of the following best illustrates the “free rider” problem? a. the relation between overcrowding and higher crime rates b. the “vicious circle” of racial and ethnic prejudice c. overuse by individuals of a public property d. the difference in public perception between “white collar” and “street” crimes e. cultural diffusion 5. Which of the following, according to Durkheim, is the most important factor in suicide? a. socioeconomic status b. a family history of suicide c. level of success d. satisfaction with career e. level of involvement with community 1. Which one of the following is NOT one of the five characteristics of religiosity: a. ideological b. consequential c. influential d. intellectual e. experiential 2. The definition of a prejudice is: a. an action, treating different catagories of people unequally b. a single, irrational generalization or belief against a group of people c. an oversimplified, inaccurate mental picture of people. d. none of the above e. all of the above 3. Which one of the following is NOT on of the stages of demographic transition theory: a. post industrial b. pole industrialization c. intermediate industrialization d. early industrial e. pre-industrial 4. This is a source of the difference of income between men and women: a. discrimination b. occupations with less pay c. women take more family time d. all of the above e. none of the above 5. Throughout a social movement, when an individual changes a lot it is called: a. revolution b. reformative c. redemptive d. alternative e. none of above ANSWERS: 1c,2b, 3c, 4d, 5c 1. According to Marx's Model of Class, the Petite Bourgeoisie class A. Controls labor of others and owns means of production. B. Controls labor of others and does not own means of production. C. Does not control labor of others and does not own means of production. D. Does not control labor of others and owns means of production. Answer: D 2. According to Wright's Model of Class, the Managers class A. Exercises authority and owns means of production. B. Exercises authority and does not own means of production. C. Does not exercise authority and owns means of production. D. Does not exercise authority and does not own means of production. Answer: B 3. The infant mortality rate for a society is calculated by A. The number of deaths under age six months per 1000 births. B. The number of deaths under age one per 100 births. C. The number of deaths under age one per 1000 births. D. The number of deaths under age six months per 100 births. Answer: C 4. Social movements gain power and participation when police forces demonstrate little involvement is a main premise of which theory? A. Framing Theory B. Political Opportunity Structure Theory C. Identity Politics Theory D. Diffusion of Ideology Theory Answer: B 5. Social movements emerge when a group of people feel as though they are not receiving what they are due is the rationale of the A. Relative Deprivation Theory. B. Mass Society Theory. C. Structural Strain Theory. D. Resource Mobilization Theory. Answer: A 1. Which one of these is NOT a factor when studying population trends? A. Size B. Composition C. Location D. Mobility 2. Service jobs particularly for women are called ________. A. pink-collar jobs B. blue-collar jobs C. white-collar jobs D. green-collar jobs 3. Someone that does not discriminate yet is prejudice is called a ________. A. active bigot B. fair-weather liberal C. all-weather liberal D. timid bigot 4. People that represent the upper class of society generally have occupations of _______. A. managers, supervisors, executives, small business owners, professionals B. large corporation owners, top financiers, rich celebrities and politicians C. dirty workers of society D. industrial and factory workers, office workers, clerks 5. Stratification is a ranking of entire groups of people, based on race, gender, or _______. A. social class B. ethnicity C. culture D. socio-economic status 1)Sarah goes to church every Sunday, participates in her church's Youth group, teaches Sunday school and takes part in many church events. What type of religiosity is this? a)consequential b)intellectual c)ritualistic d)experiential e)idiological 2)Which one is not a characteristic of the U.S. stratification system? a)a new manager group b)the complexity of the system makes mobility seem less possible c)there are two types of workers :blue collar and white collar d)it is seen as a "middle class" system e)the ownership is spread out 3)John is a guy that dislikes Native Americans. He believes they should stay on their reservations and not bother anyone. But when his company hires a Native American that everyone else seems to like, John is nice to him too. According to Merton's theory of patterns of prejudice and discrimination, how would John be labeled? a)fair weather liberal b)active bigot c)all weather liberal d)timid bigot e)none of the above 4)What is the general trend in population growth in rich vs. poor countries? a)rich countries=100% from natural growth, poor countries=100% natural growth b)rich countries=50% natural growth 50% immigration,poor countries=100% natural growth c)rich countries=100% natural growth,poor countries=50% natural growth 50% immigration d)rich countries=100% immigration, poor countries=100% immigration e)none of the above 5)Which one of the following is not a principle of stratification? a)it is a characteristic of societies b)it is supported by belief systems c)it causes the lower classes to benefit d)it persists over generations e)it is universal yet variable ANSWERS: 1)c 2)b 3)d 4)b 5)c 1.Which of the following characteristics does not distinguish a bureaucracy from a small group? a.specialized duties b.primary relationships among workers c.clear hierarchy defined d.formal rules 2.Which sociologist has the belief that a person is pre-destined to go to heaven? a.Karl Marx b.Emile Durkheim c.Robert Merton d.Max Weber 3.Which sociological perspective would agree with the Davis-Moore thesis, which states that "some degree of stratification is needed for societies to succeed?" a.Structural Functionalist b.Conflict c.Symbolic Interactionism d.Socialist Functionalist 4.Which of the following is an example of the Dependency Theory? a.France colonizing Puerto Rico b.Britain had India raise cotton c.The U.S. sold computers in foreign countries d.Many countries allow products to be sold over the internet 5.Which of the following has the idea that people who think alike group together because they want to express their beliefs and values? a.Contagion b.Convergence Theory c.Emergence d.Mobilization The answers:1.b 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.b 1. What does Jonothon Kozol’s article concerning East Saint Louis manifest? a. Racism in America b. Gender inequality c. Educational inequality d. The social construction of reality 2. Of the following violent crimes, which has the lowest conviction rate? a. Murder b. Assault c. Domestic Battery d. Rape 3.In the prisoners dilemma, which scenario gives both the criminals the best possible outcome? a. If both criminals tell on the other person b. If criminal A tells on criminal B c. If criminal B tells on criminal A d. If both criminals maintain silence 4. According to Madriz’s article on female inequality, which of the following is not a defense mechanism used by women? a. Looking for Guardians b. Denying Fears c. Hardening the target d. Running away from attackers 5. Approximately what percentage of African-Americans make less than $15,000? a. 30% b. 40% c. 50% d. 60% Answers: c, d, d, d, b 1. The textbook defines power as a. the capacity to follow a line of action despite interference or resistance from others b. the ability to act or produce an effect c. one that has control or authority d. physical might (a) 2. According to the text, what is NOT a result of poverty? a. homelessness b. hunger c. malnutrition d. high insurance rates (d) 3. According to the text, which type of discrimination is NOT described? a. sex b. sexual orientation c. race d. ethnicity (b) 4. What is NOT true of symbolic racism? a. it is linked to the traditional forms of personal racism by negative feelings toward certain groups b. it is expressed indirectly, through opposition to programs taht seek to improve the status of minorities in society c. it would justify opposition to government programs for minorities on the grounds that one's acheivements should be based exlusively on meri d. The people who express it are largely considered conservative, biased and prejudiced (d) 5. According to the text, where does instutional racism exist? a. law b. family c. economics d. all of the above (d) 1. All of the following are examples of origins of stereotypes except: a. Direct experience b. Media representation c. Institutionalized racism d. Distribution of groups 2. All of the following are causes of global poverty except: a. Lack of technology b. Population decline c. Social stratification d. Gender inequality 3. Women earn more than 50 percent of Bachelor s and Master s degrees T or F 4. In rich and poor countries, almost all population growth is natural growth T or F 5. Mr. X is in a large group, and feels that his actions will go unnoticed by others because of the size of the group he is in. Which theory would best describe Mr. X s thought process on collective behavior? a. Contagion Theory b. Modernization theory c. Convergence theory d. Emergence-norm theory Answers: 1. c 2. b 3. T 4. F 5. a 1. A social system in which social position is totally ascribed can be found in: a. industrialized b. class c. meritocratic d. caste answer- d. 2. According to Marx conflict perspective on stratification, what is one of the two groups of people: a. government b. brokers c. owners d. free riders answer- c. 3. Which one of the following is true of the distribution of money in the United States: a. The top 20% of the population make half the income, but hold much more of the wealth. b. The top 20% of the population make half the income and hold half the wealth. c. The middle 20% of the population makes half the income and holds half the wealth. d. The middle 20% of the population makes half the income but holds much less of the wealth. answer- a. 4. The fraction that is used to label a person as black is: a. 1/16 b. 1/8 c. 1/32 d. 1/24 answer- c. 5. In poorer countries, the population pyramid tends to look like what: a. very large at top, tapering to the bottom. b. very large in the middle with tapers at top and bottom. c. very large at the bottom, tapering to the top. d. very large all over. answer- c. What is objectification? a) the practice of treating people as objects. b) valuing material objects more than yourself c) constructing objects to fit a sociological trend Correct answer: A What is absolute poverty? a) not being in poverty b) being slightly above the poverty line c) not having the bare necessities to survive. Correct answer: C What is ideology? a) the way you dress b) systems of values, beliefs, and ideas c) what a person believes about a particular person Correct answer: B What is the period effect a) a time and place b) something that changes your personal life c) phenomenon in which a historical event or major social trend contributes to the unique shape and outlook of a birth cohort. Correct answer: C What is age structure? a) drawing objects so they appear old b) population s balance of old and young people c) how old a particular belief in a society really is. Correct Answer: B 1.Which of the following is not one of the 5 components of religiosity? A. Obsessive B. Intellectual C. Ritualistic D. Consequential E. Ideological 2.Which of the following is not one of the 4 key principles of stratification? A. Variable by Generation B. Characteristic of Society C. Universal yet Variable D. Persists over Generations E. Supported by Beliefs 3.Which of the following is not a key cause of global poverty? A. Lack of Technology B. Population Growth C. War D. Gender Inequality E. Cultural Patterns 4.Which of the following is not one of the stages of modernization theory on global poverty? A. Traditional B. Industrial C. Takeoff D. High Mass Consumption E. Move to Technological Maturity 5.If someone discriminates but is not prejudice they are a what? A. Fair weather liberal B. Timid Bigot C. All weather liberal D. Active Bigot E. Liberal Bigot Answers: A, A, C, B, A 1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a caste social system? a. ascribed social position b. based on societal mores c. based on individual achievement d. no social mobility (answer: c) 2. Someone who has both masculine AND feminine gender characteristics is a. undifferentiated b. androgynous c. considered mostly feminine d. considered mostly masculine (answer: b) 3. The group of angry villagers who try to kill Frankenstein is a a. riot b. protest c. gang d. mob (answer: d) 4. In the prisoner's dilemma, both parties cooperating would be the a. reward b. temptation c. teamwork d. punishment (answer: a) 5. Which of these is not a theory to explain the existence of prejudice? a. cultural theory b. modernization theory c. conflict theory d. Adorno's "Authoritarian Personality" (answer: b) 1. Which of the following is used to explain social movement? a. framing b. sucker's payoff c. mobilization d. Adorno's Authoritarian Personality e. cultural theory (c) 2. Which of the following is not an origin of stereotypes? a. direct experience b. media representation c. distribution of goods into social rules d. global poverty (d) 3. Which is the first stage of modernization? a. takeoff b. high mass consumption c. traditional d. move to technological maturity (c) 4. Which socioeconomic group dominates the largest percentage of the wealth in the United States? a. upper b. upper middle c. middle d. lower middle e. lower (a) 5. The following four principles explain what sociological occurrence: (1)characteristic of society (2)universal yet varied (3)persists over generations (4)supported by beliefs a. social movement b. population growth c. stratification d. socialization e. collective behavior (c) 1. When people don't see the institution has taken on policies that cause the persistance of social discrimination in social institutions even though people don't necessarily condone it or realize it, this is called? A. Institutional Racism B. Vicious Cycle C. Scapegoat D. Ethnicity 2. An origin of stereotypes is: A. Direct experience B. Media Representation C. Distribution of groups into social roles D. Natural outcome of your perception E. All of the above 3. According to Bem's Gender Classification, someone who has high feminine traits and high masculine traits they are said to be: A. Androgenous B. Masculine C. Undifferentiated D. Feminine 4. What is a source in the difference in income for men & women A. Discrimination B. Sex type occupation C. Education D. Politics E. All of the above 5. In a pre-industrial nation the birth and death rate usually look like: A. low birth rate; low death rate B. low birth rate; high death rate C. high birth rate; high death rate D. high birth rate; low death rate 1. A system in which some people have ore of what's important than others reflecting an unequal heirarchy of posession is: a) Conflict point of view b) Dependency Theory c) Modernization Theory d) Social Stratification 2. The functionalist view on stratification states: a) some jobs are more important than others b) Some jobs require specialized skills and should be rewarded c) difficult jobs deserve more benefits d) all of the above 3. The four stages of modernization theory are: a) Traditional, Take-Off, Move to Technology, High Mass Consumption b) Take-Off, Move to Technology, High Mass Consumption, Traditional c) Poverty, Takeover, Learning, High Mass Consumption d) Inequality, Take-Off, Move to Technology, Equality 4. A set of biological traits are one's_______; while non-biological characteristics make up one's ______________. a) genes, race b) race, ethnicity c)ethnicity, race d) race, genes 5. One theory about how crowds will behave is the contagion theory. This means: a) If one person is sick, everyone will get sick. b) Always wash your hands before you eat. c) Emotions are contagious. d) Crowds are governed by a set of norms that are constantly changing. Answers: 1)d 2)d 3)a 4)b 5)c 1. Bob and Joe are both on trial for committing a crime together. Whast will they do most likely? (a) both cooperate and say that they are innocent (b) both blame the other and clain their own innocence <--- answer (c) Joe blames Bob, Bob says Jos is innocent (d) none of the above 2. What is NOT an example of a fad? (a) jeans <--- answer (b) pokemon (c) hula hoops (d) New Kids on the Block 3. Thomas Matthus predicted: (a) declining birth rates (b) decreasing economy (c) famine <--- answer (d) increasing death rates 4. The statement "Nirvana is a druggy band" is an example of: (a) prejudice <--- answer (b) stereotype (c) bigotry (d) discrimination 5. What is NOT one of the principals of stratification? (a) stratification is universal yet variable (b) stratification increases social mobility <--- answer (c) stratification persists over generations (d) stratification is supported by beliefs 1. According to Banfield's " explanation of poverty" these people were poor because of: a the way our country is set up b their way of life and inability to save, plan, etc c. they were being taken advantage of by the rich d. they refused to be educated 2. Low develoed countries can help countries in poverty by all of the following way except: a. send birth control to these countries b distribute food production technology c introduce found technology d import some of their people to decrease the poor country's abundant population 3. Stereotypes and prejudices deal with -----, while discrimination deals with----- a. attitudes, action b. action, attitudes c. attitudes, segregation d. assumptions, desegregation 4. Which of the following is not a reason why prejudice exists: a. Scapegoat Method b. Exclusive discrimination c. cultural theory d. conflict theory 5. bottled water is a ----, whereas pokemon is a ---- a. rumor, fad b. fad, fashion c. rumor, fashion d. fasion, fad answers: 1 b 2 d 3 a 4 b 5 d 1) Five people are applying for a job that has an original starting salary of $50,000 per year. When the job is finally taken by one of the five applying the pay scale has dropped to $40,000. Which of the following sociological concepts explains why this occurred? a. scapegoat prejudice b. institutional discrimination c. Cultural Theory of Prejudice d. Conflict Theory answer A 2) Which of the following pairs give the best representation of Population Growth? a. crude death rate vs. crude birth rate b. national growth rate vs. crude birth rate c. immigration vs. crude death rate d. national growth rate vs. immigration answer D 3) Thomas Malthus said the population is increasing at a(n) _________ rate and the food supply is increasing at a(n) _________ rate. a. positive; negative b. negative; positive c. exponential; arithmetic d. arithmetic; exponential answer C 4) Jesus is best classified as a ___________. a. social interactionist b. structural/functionalist c. conflict theorist answer B 5) All of the following are factors of the Strain Theory regarding Social Movements except: a. Structural Condusiveness b. Precipitating Factor c. Mobilization d. Relative Deprivation answer D 1. Which of the following is a structural-functionalist's perspective of stratification?: a.) Stratification reflects an unequal distribution of power in society and is a primary source of conflict. b.) The stability of society depends on all social positions being filled and rewards in terms of income and benefits are given to the most important positions so that the most qualified people get the most important jobs. c.) Stratification is caused by a combination of personal choices and ascribed status. d.) Stratification is caused by institutional inequality within different societies, and therefore society can control the degree of stratification. Answer: B 2. Which of the following is a conflict perspective of stratification?: . a.) The stability of society depends on all social positions being filled and rewards in terms of income and benefits are given to the most important positions so that the most qualified people get the most important jobs. b.) Stratification is caused by institutional inequality within different societies, and therefore society can control the degree of stratification. c.) Stratification reflects an unequal distribution of power in society and is a primary source of conflict d.) Stratification is caused by a combination of personal choices and ascribed status. Answer: C 3. What is the different between a cohort effect and a period effect? a.) A cohort effect is when people who are in the same birth cohort experience a particular life course at roughly the same time; a period effect is when a historical event or major social trend contributes to the unique shape and outlook of a birth cohort. b.) A cohort effect is when a historical event or major social trend contributes to the unique shape and outlook of a birth cohort; a period effect is when people who are in the same birth cohort experience a particular life course at roughly the same time c.) A cohort effect is when a set of people born during the same era are brought together by the overall shared position in the age structure of the population; a period effect is when different birth cohorts are brought together by a historical or major social trend d.) A cohort effect is when different birth cohorts are brought together by a historical or major social trend; a period effect is when a set of people born during the same era are brought together by the overall shared position in the age structure of the population; Answer: A 4. What is personal racism? a.) unfair treatment of people based on some social characteristic, such as race or ethnicity b.) rigidly held, unfavorable attitudes, beliefs, and feelings about members of a different group, such as race or ethnicity c.) individual's expression of racist attitudes or behaviors. d.) form of racism expressed subtly and indirectly through opposition to programs that seek to improve the status of racial and ethnic minorities in a society. Answer: C 5.. What is discrimination? a.) unfair treatment of people based on some social characteristic, such as race, ethnicity, or sex b.) rigidly held, unfavorable attitudes, beliefs, and feelings about members of a different group, such as race, ethnicity, or sex c.) individual's expression of racist attitudes or behaviors. d.) overgeneralized belief that a certain trait, behavior, or attitude characterizes all members of some identifiable group. Answer: A 1. Which of the following is NOT a cause of global poverty? A. population growth B. decrease in technology C. gender inequality D. social stratification E. cultural patterns (B) 2. A timid bigot... A. is prejudiced and discriminates B. is not prejudiced but discriminates C. is prejudiced but does not discriminate D. is not prejudiced and does not discrminate (C) 3. which of the following is an origin of stereotypes? A. media representation B. distribution of groups into social roles C direct experience D. all of the above (D) 4. which is an example of a preventative check? A. war B. delayed marriages C. famine D. disease (B) 5. An example of a redemptive social movememnt is A. Alcoholics Anonymous B. Promise Keepers C. KKK D. Greenpeace (A) 1. There are four dominant perspectives on stereotypes or why prejudice exists. Which perspective says that prejudiced individuals utilize the weaker as targets of bigotry? a)Authoritarian Personality b)Scapegoat * c)Elitist d)Cultural theory 2. A group of individuals meet once a week to discuss racial issues, specifically affirmative action. They all agree with the policy and encourage their senator to continue supporting the policy. As a result, they crowd around the Senate in Washington DC, voicing their belief. This type of crowd comes together and acts due to what theory? a)Contagion theory b)Convergence theory * c)Emergence-Norm theory d)Joyce theory 3. All are specific origins of stereotypes except: a)Direct experience b)Natural outcome of perception c)Capitalism * d)Media Representation 4. Charley is a firm believer in God. He feels an intense spiritual bond with the Lord, yet he doesn't attend church and feels his emotional bond is sufficient. His religiosity would be considered: a)Ritualistic b)Experiential * c)Consequential d)Ideological 5. Secretaries, flight attendants, psychologists, and dental hygienists have a lower prestige occupation due to which of the following: a)Low paying positions b)Women usually occupy these positions * c)Status inconsistency d)None of the above 1. Which founding father of sociology called religion the "opiate of the masses"? a. Weber b. Marx c. Durkheim d. All of the above Answer: B 2. Which is NOT considered a cause of global poverty? a. Cultural patterns b. Population Growth c. Global Power Relationships d. Poor Leadership Answer: D 3. A single, rigid, irrationalg generalization is also known as a. prejudice b. stereotype c. discrimination d. racism Answer: A 4. Which in NOT an origin of sterotypes? a. poverty b. distribution of groups into social class c. direct experience d. media representation Answer: A 5. An organized, acting crowd, usually becasue of and dealing with politics is called a. contagion theory b. rumor c. protest d. Mikes Outrageous Bunch Answer: C 1. What is the definition of a stereotype? a. the act of doing negative actions b. saying rude comments c. a negative label placed on people d. thinking bad thoughts 2. What is not included in the vicious circle? a. discriminatation b. the group affected c. people begin looking at outcomes d. ethnicity 3. What is not a cause of Global Poverty? a. technology b. warfare c. population growth d. gender inequality 4. Which of the following is not a reason of population growth? a. fertility b. mortality c. wealth d. migration 5. What are the two kinds of variables? a. independent and dependent b. dependent and control c. participant and non-participant Who believes that certain people are prone to commit crimes? A a. symbolic interactionists b. structural functionalists c. conflict perspective Which is not a sociological perspective? C a. seeing the general in the particular b. seeing the strange in the familiar c. seeing the particular in the strange d. seeing the individual in the context Carl Marx is an example of which sociological perspective? B a. symbolic interactionist b. conflict perspective c. structural functionalist Chewing food with your mouth open and having some fall out would be an example of? B a. norm b. folkways c. ethnocentrism d. mores What is not one of the four stages of culture shock? C a. anticipation b. depression c. relaxation d. insulation e. reorientation 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the components of Religiosity? a. Intellectual b. Ideological c. Ritualistic d. Secularity e. Consequential Answer: (d) 2. Jim is a student at Indiana University in Bloomington and he was present during the firing of coach Bobby Knight. The night Knight was fired, Jim, along with a large and highly emotional group of people without a specific goal, began to tear down light posts, overturn cars, and burn trees. In this situation, Jim was involved in which of the following: a. Mob b. Protest c. Riot c. Loitering d. Dispersed Collective Behavior Answer: (c) 3. Joseph, a seventh grader, recently saw a movie in which a black man terrorized an airplane with a bomb, causing the pilot to make an emergency landing. He saw the movie just after hearing, on the news, that 4 homicides occurred in his living environment by two black men. Taking into account the movie and the horrifying news, Joseph carried in the back of his mind, the idea that black people were dangerous and to stay away from them. Joseph's feeling is an example of: a. Prejudice b. A Stereotype c. Ethnicity d. Discrimination Answer: (b) 4. Which of the following is one of the Key Principles of Stratification? a. Stratification is not a characteristic of society b. Stratification ends at the end of each generation. c. Stratification is supported by people's beliefs. d. Stratification systems are primarily local. e. Stratification systems primarily benefit the poor. Answer: (c) 5. The problem of poverty in America can be explained in a variety of views. Which of the following is NOT a given view for the problem of poverty? a. The poor are primarily responsible for their own poverty; America has opportunities, people just need to get out and take advantage of them. b. Those in the culture of poverty spend money as it comes to them, thus resulting in a deeper state of poverty. c. Wealth and poverty result from unequal distribution of resources d. Because of a general increase in technological advancements, poverty has diminished greatly. Answer: (d) 1) Banfield explains poverty in the U.S. by saying that: A) People need to spend more time working B)It's a natural result of stratification C)People live in the moment instead of saving their money D)The government does not give enough help to those who need it. 2) Which of the following is NOT a way that a country would help a poor country? A) Introduce production technology B) Take over the existing government to increase the economy C) Distribute food production techonology D) Provide the people of the country with birth control 3) Roosevelt High School buses a large amount of African American students from the inner city out to their mostly white suburban school. This is an example of: A) Discrimination B) Institutionalization C) White Privilege D) Contact Theory 4)Gina's family decided to leave India in hopes of finding the economic prosperity America is known for. This is an example of what? A)Push Force B) Stereotyping C) Pull Force D) Socialization 5) Thomas Malthis's positive checks included... A)War B)Abstinence C)Increased food production D) Increasing industrial production Answers: 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 1. Vickie is a female who exists neither feminine or masculine characteristics. Her_______ is female while her ______ is undifferentiated. a) feminitity, gender b) sex, gender c) gender, sex d) feminity, both feminine and masculine characteristics 2. What can we do to get rid of stereotypes? a) be more aware of the minority groups around b) family education c) outside education concerning the groups in society d) all of the above 3. The busing of students to other schools for the "majority to minority" purpose of educating them about other races did not work. This act was based on what hypothesis? a) Cultural Theory b) Conflict Theory c) Contact Hypothesis d) Stereotypes 4. Single, rigid, irrational generalizations about a particular group is an example of a... a) prejudice b) stereotype c) discrimination d) ethnicity 5. In South Africa, the old practice of apartheid was an example of a/an ____ system. The United States' open stratification based on individual achievement is an example of a/an _____ system. a) open, closed b) open, class c) closed, caste d) caste, class Answers: 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 1) The following statements about sex and gender are true except for: a) gender is the way (masculine or feminine) that one is socialized to act b) a person may show masculine and feminine traits; this person would be classified as undifferentiated c) sex is the biological distinction; male vs. female d) all of the above e) none of the above 2) Bob does not hold any prejudices against black people, yet social pressures cause him to discriminate against them. Bob is considered a a) active bigot b) all weather liberal c) timid bigot d) fair weather liberal 3) The following statements about segregation as discussed in the video, "Eyes on the Prize," are true except: a) it served as a social system to keeps blacks out of white culture b) it had psychological effects on blacks in that some black people actually thought that whites were inherently better than blacks c) it was challenged in the Brown vs. Board of Ed. Supreme Court case and found to be legal d) it existed predominantly in the southern US and was enforced by violent groups like the KKK 4) Nick has a steady income, however he feels as though he is living on the edge. He and his family are very vulnerable to financial problems and his job offers poor benefits. Putting his children through college will be extremely difficult. Nick is a member of what social class in the US? a) Lower middle class b) Upper classs c) Lower class d) Working class 5) When a child begins to attend school the primary agent of gender socialization is a) the school b) family c) Sesame Street and other forms of mass media d) peer groups Answers: 1) b 2) d 3) c 4) d 5) d 1.) Which is not a factor in social movements? a.) Structural Strain b.) Precipitating c.) Coersion d.) Mobilization 2.) Which pay-off is highest (most beneficial) for a criminal? a.) Suckers b.) Temptation c.) Punishment d.) Reward 3.) In which stage of the Demographic Transition Theory can the death rate actually be higher than the birth rate? a.) Stage 1 - Pre-Industrial b.) Stage 2 - Early Industrial c.) Stage 3 - Full Industrialization d.) Stage 4 - Post Industrial 4.) Which is true of the Malthusian theory on population growth? a.) Population increasing exponentially and food increases arithmetically b.) Population increases arithmetically and food increases exponentially c.) Population decreases arithmetically and food increases arithmetically d.) Population increases exponentially and food decreases exponentially 5.) Which is not a key factor in gender socialization? a.) Family b.) Peer Group c.) Mass Media d.) All of the above are factors Answers 1.) c 2.) b 3.) d 4.) a 5.) d 1. All of the following are ways that wealthy countries can help poverty-stricken countries except…. a. Birth Control b. Introduce industrial technology c. Reduce prejudice d. Distribute food production technology 2. All of the following are ways that we get generalized notions about groups (stereotypes) except…. a. By watching the movie, "White Men Can't Jump" b. From direct experiences c. By going to a multi-cultural party d. By living in a bubble 3. What is Adorno's theory about personality? a. People with more social contact have less stress in their lives b. Your personality is socially constructed c. If one person has prejudice toward one group, that person also has prejudices toward other groups d. A frustrated person tends to be prejudice 4. Wealth is a. How much goods and money you have b. Your income c. Your value of stocks, house, business, etc. d. A large house, a yaught, and a mercedez-benz 5. The Control Theory states except…. a. People are naturally predisposed to deviant behavior b. If society does a poor job controlling deviance, then there will be a lot of deviance c. Societal pressures stop deviance d. Social Stratification persists over time Answers 1.c 2.d 3.c 4.d 5.d 1. John is just a young boy who hasn't a care in the world. His parents however are both ethnocentic and have many prejudice characteristics. John will be prejudice when he grows up based on these factors, according to which explanation of the existence of prejudice? a. scapegoat b. conflict theory c. cultural theory d. adorno's authoritarian personality correct answer - d. adorno's authoritarian personality 2. Tim creates his own universe in which resides the world of Timercury. In this world there is a country called the United States of Tim (UST) that has been trying to grow as a nation. This nation has just begun to use its economy for production of luxuries, moving away from subsistence. Which stage has UST achieved according to the Modernization Theory used in Global Poverty and Stratification? a. High Mass Consumption Stage b. Traditional c. Take-off d. Move to Technological Maturity correct answer - a. High Mass Consumption Stage 3. Jane believes that she is ascribed in society and has no social mobility. She is using a characteristic used in the definition of which sociological term? a. caste b. poverty c. wealth d. class correct answer - a. caste 4. According to the lecture notes, what characteristic is not found under the term, "Religiosity"? a. ritualistic b. intellectual c. experimental d. indicative correct answer - d. indicative 5. Molly wants to know where her current prjudices originated. She knows that three of the following choices are explanations, as she once listened to Dan Myers lectuure on the topic. Which reason given is not one that he would have given? a. media representation b. direct experience c. natural outcomes of perception processes d. her intrinsic thoughts correct answer - d. her intrinsic thoughts (thoughts that she was born with) 1. Which is NOT an aspect of social stratification? (C) A. It persists over generations B. It is universal but variable C. It can be found only in certain sociological environments D. It is supported by beliefs 2. Which sociologist is associated with bureaucracies and symbolic interactionism? (A) A. Max Weber B. Karl Marx C. Emile Durkheim D. Stephen Spitzer 3. What is the fourth stage of modernization? (B) A. Move to technilogical maturity B. High mass consumption C. Poverty progression D. Social unity 4. Which is an origin of stereotypes? (D) A. Direct experience B. Media representation C. Distribution of groups into social roles D. All of the above 5. If country A's economy falls apart because of their debt and they blame their loss on country B, country A is using : (A) A. Scapegoats B. Free-rider problem C. Ethnocentrism D. Relativism 1. Jan wants to play football but it is considered a mans sport. To compete in this sport an athlete must be agressive and strong, qualities that by nature women do not have. Jane has these qualities but is still not allowed to play. This is an example of: A) Istitutional Sexism B) Deliberate Sexism C) Objectified Sexism D) Institutional Racism 2. There are 4 members of the Doe Family. Jon the dad is the only one who works but he does not make enough money to support his family though he makes more than what is considered poor. They apply for government aid but they cannot recieve it. What could be the reason that he cannot get help from the government. A) The poverty rate is already to high and cannot support more familys B) They are above the poverty line C) They government just does not help people D) They are not working hard enough for money if only one parent works 3. Mary and John were taking at school one day about some of there classmates. John mentions to Mary that he was happy to be working on a project with Tom who is Asian and all Asians are very smart. John has never met Tom and does not know that Tom is failing the class. This is an example of a/an: A) Racism B) Prejudice C) Discrimination D) Stereotype 4. Gaby applies for a job as a manager at a store. She is up against Chad for the job. Gaby has better qualifications than Chad but somehow Chad gets the job instead. Upon further looking Gaby notices that no women work as managers there at the store. They did not give her the job because she was a woman. This is: A) Discrimination B) Racism C) Stereotype D) Bad interview skills 5. A group of students at Notre Dame organize to get rid of 8:30 classes. Eventually the administration gives into their cause and gets rid of 8:30 classes. A second group of students at Notre Dame who are unsually early morning people are very upset by this. They love early morning classes so they group together to bring back 8:30 classes. The second group is a/an A) ideology B) reform movement C) countermovement D) social movement Answer Key 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C * Which of the following is not a characteristic of caste? a * permanent b* ascribed c* one is born into it d* characteristic of an industrial society * The __________________ class is often referred to as nouveau riche. a * middle b* upper c* lower d* working * All are criticisms of the modernization theory except a * it neglects to consider the status quo b* it hasnt happen c* it forgets to include the birth and death rates d* it looks at countries as being isolated * Participation in religious activities such as attending church services describes the __________________ aspect of religiosity. a * ideological b* consequential c* prolific d* ritualistic e* intellectual * The Hindu social strata exemplifies the idea of a * bourgeoisie b* caste c* cultural patterns d* modernization Answers: 1. D, 2. A, 3. C, 4. D, 5. B 1. What did Carl Marx say about religion? a. It is needed for society to function b. That is is the "opiate of society" c. It is a "brainwashing" experience d. That it is good in moderation (answer is b) 2. What is secularization? a. becoming a hermit b. being afraid of society c. a decline in the influence of religion d. going to church regularly (answer is c) 3. Which one is a principle of social stratification? a. persistance over generations b. white collar occuapations c. civil rights movements d. poverty (answer is a) 4. Which is not a cause of global poverty? a. technology b. population growth c. social stratification d. Racism (answer is d) 5.What is a characteristic of Full Industrialization? a. less kids b. higher death rate c. equal birth and death rate d. disease increase (answer is a) 1. There are four key principles of social stratification. Which of the following is not one of the key principles? a. characteristic of society b. universal yet variable c. emphasis on individual achievement d. supported by belief systems 2. Which is not one of the classes in the U.S.? a. lower upper b. upper middle c. lower working d. lower blue-collar 3. Poverty can be caused in many different ways. Which of the following is not one of the ways? a. high mass consumption b. social stratification c. global power relations d. gender inequality 4. Adorno's Authoritarian Personality refers to a trait that people have in which some people are prejudice against. The people who have the prejudice have an authoritarian personality. Which of these is not one of the aspects of this type of personality? a. moral issues are either right or wrong b. strongly ethnocentric c. rigid in conformity to conventional means d. greedy 5. What is the third stage of the demographic transition theory? a. full industrialization b. post industrial c. early industrial stage d. preindustrial stage 1. Which of the following is not a founder of Sociology of Religion? a. Marx b. Michels c. Durkheim d. Weber 2. In increasing order, what are the stages of Modernization? a. Traditional, move to technological maturity, take off, high mass consumption b. Takeoff, high mass consumption, traditional, move to technological maturity c. High mass consumption, move to technological maturity, takeoff, traditional d. Traditional, takeoff move to technological maturity, high mass consumption 3. A slap bracelet is an example of which of the following? a. Fad b. Rumor c. Fashion d. Bias 4. According to Merton's square, which of the following groups neither are prejudiced nor discriminate? a. Timid bigot b. Fair weather liberal c. All weather liberal d. Active bigot 5. If your great-great-great-great grandmother was black, technically what race are you considered? a. White b. Hispanic c. Asian d. Black Answers 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 1. Which of the following is the proper sequence (from start to finish) of the modernization process? a. Takeoff, Traditional, High Mass Consumption, Move to Technological Maturity. b. Traditional, Takeoff, Move to Technological Maturity, High Mass Consumption. c. High Mass Consumption, Takeoff, Move to Technological Maturity, Traditional. d. High Mass Consumption, Traditional, Takeoff, Move to Technological Maturity. 2. Which of the following does NOT contribute to gender socialization? a. Family b. Peer Group c. Mass Media d. Relative Deprivation 3. Which of the following is a good indicator of the overall health of a population? a. Infant Mortality Rate b. Crude Birth Rate c. Fertility d. Migration 4. In the Pre-industrial stage of development, children are: a. Treated as a labor source to be used in factories. b. Given an education in schools. c. Treated as small adults who should do work around the house and in the fields. d. Separated from parents in day-care centers and subjected to new methods of child raising. 5. The theory of social movements that claims that change will occur when labor, money, and media exposure come together is called: a. Resource Mobilization. b. Mass Society. c. Structural Strain. d. Structural Functionalist. Abigail Stahl 1.) Mark has studied the history of the Catholic Church for many years. He is high in the ________ element of religiosity. a.) consequential b.) ideological c.) ritualistic d.) intellectual 2.) Which of these best defines wealth? a.) How much money you make b.) How much goods and property you own c.) How much you inherited from your grandparents d.) How much you like cookies 3.) Which is not a cause of global poverty? a.) Population Growth b.) Technology c.) Weather d.) Cultural Patterns 4.) Which of these is a factor that can effect your gender? a.) your looks b.) your name c.) your family d.) your eye color 5.) Mario does not pay into his neighborhood improvement fund. However, he and his family use the neighborhood park. This is an example of a.) Prisoner's Dilemma b.) Free Rider Problem c.) Collective Behavior d.) Utilitarianism Answers: 1.)d. 2.)b. 3.)c. 4.)c. 5.)b. 1. Mary has been known as an opponent to the formation of a number of racially/ethnically centered groups on campus because she feels they help perpetuate certain stereotypes that contribute to the racial stratification here opn campus. In her arguments, Mary often makes statements like, "Because people of teh same background stick together, they put themselves at a disadvantage by being visible targets for unconscious injustice." She is arguing against... a. personal identity b. identity institutionalism c. institutional racism d. racist exclusion 2. A priest wearing his black and collar walks into a theology classroom and begins ranting and raving that he is the devil incarnate and that the world is about to end. the situation is ironic especially because of his use of... a. props b. costume c. language d. customs 3. Karl Marx is a champion of this sociological "perspective." a. structural - functionalism b. conflictualism c. symblolic - interactionism d. functionalist - interactionism 4. John is riding a bus through a city neighborhood when he realizes a sudden change in the way the neighborhood looks. Where streets had been clean and houses upkept just a second before, trash lay in the alleys and the houses looked as if they hadn't been lived in for years. He knew for a fact that most of the people living in this part of town were of the same background as the last. Being the sociologist that he was, John concluded that the stratification he saw here was caused by ... differences. a. racial b. religious c. theatrical d. occupational 5. The sociological perspective that would look at the discussions and actions of people in relationships rather than the big picture if a town began falling apart would be considered a ... a. hygenic conflictualist b. social - interactionist c. symbolic - interactionist d. structural - functionalist 1. If someone actively discriminates and is prejudiced in their action then they are known as a a Timid Bigot b Fairweather Liberal c All Weather Liberal d Active Bigot 2. A criminal who choses to cooperate and his partner does the same receives the _____ payoff. a Sucker b Punishment c Reward d Temptation 3. All of these are sources of gender socialization except a School b Media c Foreign countries d Family 4. The 4 methods of research we discussed include all but a Experiments b Survey Research c Subject Evaluation d Participant Observation 5. All of these are known causes of global poverty except a Technology b Cultural Patterns c Social Stratification d Crime Answers d c c c d 1)Which is not a sociological aspect of religion? a. religion is a socializing mechanism b. religion influences politics c. religion decreases stratification d. religion provides a moral basis for laws 2)Which is not a component of religion? a. Ritualistic b. Ideological c. Intellectual d. Superficial 3) Which is not a principle of stratification? a. characteristic of society b. accepted by all people in power c. persists over generations d. supported by beliefs 4)What are the definitions of income and wealth? a. Income is how much you make in one year, while wealth is what valuable goods you own. b. Wealth is how much you make in one year, while income is what valuable goods you own. c. Income is your monthly paycheck, while wealth is your financial status in society. d. Wealth is your monthly paycheck, while income is your financial status in society. 5) Which is one of the reasons Adorno thought that prejudice was a personality trait? a. caused by higher education b. caused by experience in other cultures c. caused by loose morals d. caused by dominating parents 1)c 2)d 3)b 4)a 5)d 1) Brigette considers herself a devout Catholic.  She attends Mass every Sunday and attends Bible classes.  However, she supports legislation on the death penalty and abortion.  The aspect of Brigette’s religiosity that is not succinct with her Catholic faith is: a) ritualistic b) intellectual c) experiential d) ideological 2)Which is not a cause of global poverty? a)Global power relationships b)Technology c)Destruction of Natural Resources d)Social Stratification 3)Those people who are prejudiced yet do not discriminate can be described as: a. timid bigots b. fair weather liberals c. active bigots d. all weather liberals 4)While ______ is socially constructed, __________is a biological distinction between male and female. a) class, social role b) gender, sex c) social role, class d) sex, gender 5)The convergence theory states: a) crowds reflect what people think b) crowds have a certain effect on an individual, focus on anoniminity, and drive people towards irrational behavior c) crowds think and agree on the same purpose, are not irrational, and being in a crowd strengthens their cause d)crowds will always converge towards violence rather than use peaceful measures to achieve their goal 1. Secularization is an example of. . . a. rise in religion b. decline in religious groups c. creation of more religious sects d. total control of religion by the pope e. a, b, and d 2. Davis-Moore thesis says that ________________ means some jobs more important, harder and cause stress because of importance. a. stratification b. functionalist c. importance of occupations d. occupational differentiation e. meritocracies 3. Modernization is technological development, natural progression in a country's history, two stages are move to techonological maturity and high mass consumption while the other two stages are ___________ and ____________. a. technology and progression b. progression and take off c. traditional and technology d. traditional and take off e. technology and gender equality 4. The belief that one race is better than another leads to domination of a race is _________. a. racism b. prejudice c. nazism d. facism e. all of the above 5. An activity involving a large number of people, often spontaneous and controversial is _____________________. a. collective behavior b. social movement c. fad d. rumor e. social changes