Table 1: Determinants of Feminist Attitudes for Women, 1974-1986 (period 1) and 1987-1998 (period 2) . * ABORTION SCALES . regress abscale inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ maed > uc white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==1 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 5226 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 5201) = 75.18 Model | 15464.8226 24 644.367609 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 44575.0375 5201 8.57047442 R-squared = 0.2576 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.2542 Total | 60039.8601 5225 11.4908823 Root MSE = 2.9275 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ abscale | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .5043586 .1456286 3.46 0.001 .2188654 .7898518 notinlbf | .2886738 .147249 1.96 0.050 3.79e-06 .5773438 propinc | -.2370235 .1866414 -1.27 0.204 -.6029191 .1288721 hours | -.0005284 .0046055 -0.11 0.909 -.0095572 .0085003 spinlabo | .6580899 .8508768 0.77 0.439 -1.009986 2.326166 spnotinl | .931854 .8608794 1.08 0.279 -.7558313 2.619539 widowed | -.6479589 .1744911 -3.71 0.000 -.9900347 -.305883 married | -.2941991 .1827267 -1.61 0.107 -.6524203 .064022 nevmar | -.5835399 .159476 -3.66 0.000 -.8961799 -.2708999 childs | -.1238809 .0251768 -4.92 0.000 -.1732381 -.0745238 age | .0064164 .0034251 1.87 0.061 -.0002982 .013131 educ | .2147167 .0173293 12.39 0.000 .1807439 .2486895 maeduc | .0272179 .0142262 1.91 0.056 -.0006714 .0551072 white | .4079513 .1327057 3.07 0.002 .1477923 .6681102 south | -.5395225 .1038013 -5.20 0.000 -.7430166 -.3360284 midwest | -.8250368 .1034226 -7.98 0.000 -1.027789 -.6222851 srcbelt | .3749511 .0605435 6.19 0.000 .2562604 .4936418 cath | -1.044646 .1181931 -8.84 0.000 -1.276354 -.8129375 bapsect | -.8052 .1077188 -7.48 0.000 -1.016374 -.5940259 jewish | .2997143 .2855513 1.05 0.294 -.2600862 .8595149 noneoth | -.2960561 .1852577 -1.60 0.110 -.659239 .0671268 attend | -.3620382 .0169111 -21.41 0.000 -.3951911 -.3288853 polviews | -.2772089 .0357833 -7.75 0.000 -.3473592 -.2070586 year | -.0800788 .0145614 -5.50 0.000 -.1086252 -.0515324 _cons | 163.6928 28.81323 5.68 0.000 107.2068 220.1789 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . regress abscale inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ maed > uc white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==2 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 5950 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 5925) = 91.53 Model | 19954.1894 24 831.42456 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 53820.8614 5925 9.08368969 R-squared = 0.2705 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.2675 Total | 73775.0508 5949 12.4012525 Root MSE = 3.0139 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ abscale | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .3899218 .1605825 2.43 0.015 .0751217 .704722 notinlbf | .0151586 .1652692 0.09 0.927 -.3088293 .3391465 propinc | -.0509225 .187657 -0.27 0.786 -.4187986 .3169535 hours | .0082223 .0039071 2.10 0.035 .000563 .0158816 spinlabo | 1.604332 .8760079 1.83 0.067 -.1129632 3.321626 spnotinl | 1.792122 .8814513 2.03 0.042 .0641559 3.520088 widowed | -.3292524 .1624744 -2.03 0.043 -.6477615 -.0107434 married | .0227431 .1688713 0.13 0.893 -.3083062 .3537924 nevmar | -.1497592 .1401786 -1.07 0.285 -.4245604 .125042 childs | -.1555728 .0269307 -5.78 0.000 -.2083667 -.1027789 age | .0125027 .0034978 3.57 0.000 .0056456 .0193597 educ | .2000422 .0164045 12.19 0.000 .1678834 .2322011 maeduc | .042137 .0139373 3.02 0.003 .0148148 .0694592 white | -.1745596 .1123444 -1.55 0.120 -.3947955 .0456763 south | -.2076564 .0967847 -2.15 0.032 -.3973897 -.0179232 midwest | -.5848474 .1020083 -5.73 0.000 -.7848209 -.384874 srcbelt | .4256514 .0622815 6.83 0.000 .3035569 .5477459 cath | -1.046798 .1176105 -8.90 0.000 -1.277358 -.8162387 bapsect | -1.152356 .107129 -10.76 0.000 -1.362368 -.9423437 jewish | .7484165 .3003847 2.49 0.013 .159553 1.33728 noneoth | -.3783964 .1505684 -2.51 0.012 -.6735653 -.0832275 attend | -.3641497 .0163186 -22.31 0.000 -.3961401 -.3321592 polviews | -.4495659 .0307274 -14.63 0.000 -.5098029 -.389329 year | -.0180291 .0107069 -1.68 0.092 -.0390184 .0029602 _cons | 40.03271 21.31035 1.88 0.060 -1.743339 81.80877 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . . * PREMARITAL SEX . regress premarsx inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ mae > duc white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==1 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 7355 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 7330) = 160.69 Model | 44376.3044 24 1849.01268 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 84342.9396 7330 11.5065402 R-squared = 0.3448 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.3426 Total | 128719.244 7354 17.5032967 Root MSE = 3.3921 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ premarsx | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .4644136 .1353094 3.43 0.001 .1991682 .7296589 notinlbf | .3120405 .1336679 2.33 0.020 .0500131 .574068 propinc | .2590717 .1788265 1.45 0.147 -.0914796 .609623 hours | -.0008649 .004906 -0.18 0.860 -.0104821 .0087523 spinlabo | -1.181602 .9832072 -1.20 0.229 -3.108971 .7457672 spnotinl | -1.043018 .9894997 -1.05 0.292 -2.982722 .896686 widowed | -.5158914 .1716539 -3.01 0.003 -.8523825 -.1794003 married | -.6675316 .1796372 -3.72 0.000 -1.019672 -.3153911 nevmar | -1.105496 .1652848 -6.69 0.000 -1.429501 -.7814898 childs | -.1312081 .0235839 -5.56 0.000 -.1774393 -.0849769 age | -.0652281 .0033127 -19.69 0.000 -.0717219 -.0587343 educ | .0472999 .0166071 2.85 0.004 .0147453 .0798545 maeduc | .0700427 .0135633 5.16 0.000 .0434548 .0966307 white | -1.411806 .1300633 -10.85 0.000 -1.666767 -1.156844 south | -.9444512 .1018858 -9.27 0.000 -1.144177 -.7447258 midwest | -.4309735 .1007861 -4.28 0.000 -.6285433 -.2334038 srcbelt | .4092955 .0587321 6.97 0.000 .2941637 .5244274 cath | .1860813 .1159349 1.61 0.109 -.0411844 .4133471 bapsect | -.976741 .1037777 -9.41 0.000 -1.180175 -.7733068 jewish | .8094895 .2693945 3.00 0.003 .2813987 1.33758 noneoth | -.3434126 .1858381 -1.85 0.065 -.7077087 .0208836 attend | -.4482258 .0164819 -27.20 0.000 -.4805351 -.4159166 polviews | -.3904491 .0367951 -10.61 0.000 -.462578 -.3183202 year | .0699554 .0086438 8.09 0.000 .0530111 .0868997 _cons | -125.6187 17.10159 -7.35 0.000 -159.1428 -92.09467 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . regress premarsx inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ mae > duc white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==2 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 5958 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 5933) = 126.10 Model | 35010.3583 24 1458.76493 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 68636.4507 5933 11.568591 R-squared = 0.3378 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.3351 Total | 103646.809 5957 17.3991622 Root MSE = 3.4013 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ premarsx | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .7341523 .1854393 3.96 0.000 .3706237 1.097681 notinlbf | .448696 .1877001 2.39 0.017 .0807355 .8166564 propinc | .2432139 .2164234 1.12 0.261 -.1810547 .6674825 hours | -.00127 .0044714 -0.28 0.776 -.0100356 .0074955 spinlabo | 1.445784 .9878076 1.46 0.143 -.4906788 3.382246 spnotinl | 1.256259 .9948733 1.26 0.207 -.6940545 3.206573 widowed | -.5515641 .18326 -3.01 0.003 -.9108204 -.1923079 married | -.9327547 .1901063 -4.91 0.000 -1.305432 -.5600772 nevmar | -.650491 .1578493 -4.12 0.000 -.959933 -.341049 childs | .0079144 .0300897 0.26 0.793 -.0510723 .0669011 age | -.0542917 .0039086 -13.89 0.000 -.061954 -.0466295 educ | .0838412 .0185456 4.52 0.000 .0474851 .1201973 maeduc | -.0076266 .0155106 -0.49 0.623 -.038033 .0227797 white | -.1068803 .1270236 -0.84 0.400 -.3558928 .1421323 south | -.5854277 .1094473 -5.35 0.000 -.7999842 -.3708712 midwest | -.1858081 .1161258 -1.60 0.110 -.413457 .0418407 srcbelt | .2329236 .0703186 3.31 0.001 .0950735 .3707737 cath | .3913088 .133059 2.94 0.003 .1304647 .6521528 bapsect | -1.148696 .1214243 -9.46 0.000 -1.386732 -.9106603 jewish | 1.297848 .3259273 3.98 0.000 .6589121 1.936784 noneoth | -.657943 .1726718 -3.81 0.000 -.9964426 -.3194435 attend | -.5299718 .0183713 -28.85 0.000 -.5659862 -.4939574 polviews | -.4576836 .0350053 -13.07 0.000 -.5263067 -.3890604 year | -.0011859 .0136509 -0.09 0.931 -.0279466 .0255748 _cons | 12.32398 27.19424 0.45 0.650 -40.98663 65.63459 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . . * GENDER ROLES . regress genrole inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ maed > uc white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==1 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 5424 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 5399) = 71.20 Model | 16991.9643 24 707.998511 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 53685.7076 5399 9.94363912 R-squared = 0.2404 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.2370 Total | 70677.6719 5423 13.0329471 Root MSE = 3.1534 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ genrole | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .8449146 .1502971 5.62 0.000 .5502716 1.139557 notinlbf | .471852 .1497538 3.15 0.002 .1782742 .7654298 propinc | .0763723 .1945633 0.39 0.695 -.3050503 .4577949 hours | .0057223 .0049553 1.15 0.248 -.003992 .0154367 spinlabo | .182501 .9560121 0.19 0.849 -1.691668 2.05667 spnotinl | .1795469 .9637157 0.19 0.852 -1.709725 2.068819 widowed | -.2767505 .1818808 -1.52 0.128 -.6333102 .0798092 married | -.3199821 .1919305 -1.67 0.096 -.6962434 .0562791 nevmar | -.4972666 .1739065 -2.86 0.004 -.8381936 -.1563397 childs | .0265281 .0256005 1.04 0.300 -.0236592 .0767154 age | -.0466919 .0036446 -12.81 0.000 -.0538368 -.039547 educ | .2409107 .0181641 13.26 0.000 .2053018 .2765196 maeduc | .0561646 .0149323 3.76 0.000 .0268913 .0854379 white | -.3652243 .1416113 -2.58 0.010 -.6428395 -.0876091 south | -.6364998 .1103334 -5.77 0.000 -.8527977 -.4202019 midwest | -.0939188 .1095994 -0.86 0.392 -.3087779 .1209403 srcbelt | .2088181 .0640223 3.26 0.001 .0833085 .3343277 cath | .2313503 .1249315 1.85 0.064 -.0135658 .4762664 bapsect | -.4169164 .1126254 -3.70 0.000 -.6377076 -.1961253 jewish | .9500634 .3069197 3.10 0.002 .348377 1.55175 noneoth | .3050701 .1988857 1.53 0.125 -.084826 .6949663 attend | -.1093438 .0177453 -6.16 0.000 -.1441317 -.0745558 polviews | -.2281202 .0378793 -6.02 0.000 -.3023788 -.1538615 year | .0758477 .0103188 7.35 0.000 .0556187 .0960768 _cons | -143.8331 20.40112 -7.05 0.000 -183.8275 -103.8386 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . regress genrole inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ maed > uc white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==2 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 5610 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 5585) = 58.04 Model | 8748.14072 24 364.505863 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 35074.4012 5585 6.28010765 R-squared = 0.1996 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.1962 Total | 43822.542 5609 7.81289748 Root MSE = 2.506 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ genrole | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .6077901 .1484389 4.09 0.000 .3167921 .8987882 notinlbf | .2803985 .1509975 1.86 0.063 -.0156153 .5764124 propinc | -.1167848 .1625495 -0.72 0.473 -.4354451 .2018754 hours | .0035596 .0033704 1.06 0.291 -.0030476 .0101669 spinlabo | -.3848156 .72822 -0.53 0.597 -1.81241 1.042779 spnotinl | -.5312879 .7342783 -0.72 0.469 -1.970759 .908183 widowed | -.4226431 .1405419 -3.01 0.003 -.6981598 -.1471264 married | -.2837269 .144369 -1.97 0.049 -.5667463 -.0007075 nevmar | -.1232295 .1189941 -1.04 0.300 -.3565042 .1100452 childs | .1057103 .0231703 4.56 0.000 .0602875 .1511331 age | -.0344504 .0029765 -11.57 0.000 -.0402855 -.0286153 educ | .1756457 .0141384 12.42 0.000 .147929 .2033624 maeduc | .0161417 .0118612 1.36 0.174 -.007111 .0393943 white | -.0532435 .0970493 -0.55 0.583 -.2434979 .1370109 south | -.2692863 .0832362 -3.24 0.001 -.4324616 -.1061111 midwest | -.0408141 .0875714 -0.47 0.641 -.2124882 .13086 srcbelt | .1354388 .0534277 2.53 0.011 .0306997 .2401779 cath | -.1012845 .1004627 -1.01 0.313 -.2982305 .0956615 bapsect | -.5775066 .0922693 -6.26 0.000 -.7583904 -.3966228 jewish | -.1844641 .2453635 -0.75 0.452 -.6654721 .2965438 noneoth | -.4933635 .1305606 -3.78 0.000 -.749313 -.237414 attend | -.1249633 .014 -8.93 0.000 -.1524088 -.0975178 polviews | -.2149711 .0264049 -8.14 0.000 -.266735 -.1632071 year | .0330967 .0103533 3.20 0.001 .0128002 .0533933 _cons | -56.94354 20.62782 -2.76 0.006 -97.38208 -16.505 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . . * FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES . regress famres inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ maedu > c white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==1 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 2390 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 2365) = 50.01 Model | 4411.15329 24 183.798054 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 8692.14062 2365 3.67532373 R-squared = 0.3366 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.3299 Total | 13103.2939 2389 5.48484466 Root MSE = 1.9171 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ famresp | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .8753645 .1437568 6.09 0.000 .593462 1.157267 notinlbf | .1472828 .1437104 1.02 0.306 -.1345286 .4290941 propinc | -.2989823 .1828566 -1.64 0.102 -.6575582 .0595937 hours | .0149963 .0043494 3.45 0.001 .0064673 .0235253 spinlabo | .3353723 .8661395 0.39 0.699 -1.363099 2.033844 spnotinl | .3583437 .8721541 0.41 0.681 -1.351922 2.06861 widowed | -.4218261 .1639661 -2.57 0.010 -.7433583 -.1002939 married | -.4966028 .1680577 -2.95 0.003 -.8261584 -.1670471 nevmar | -.4962584 .1581384 -3.14 0.002 -.8063627 -.1861541 childs | -.0107304 .0234492 -0.46 0.647 -.0567135 .0352527 age | -.0288087 .0034216 -8.42 0.000 -.0355184 -.022099 educ | .1359285 .0172616 7.87 0.000 .1020792 .1697779 maeduc | .024429 .0139592 1.75 0.080 -.0029446 .0518026 white | -.3074938 .125905 -2.44 0.015 -.5543894 -.0605981 south | -.0276776 .1005099 -0.28 0.783 -.2247742 .169419 midwest | .1366826 .1016448 1.34 0.179 -.0626396 .3360048 srcbelt | .0913113 .0580816 1.57 0.116 -.0225847 .2052074 cath | -.0856017 .1152269 -0.74 0.458 -.3115579 .1403545 bapsect | -.1660631 .1033211 -1.61 0.108 -.3686724 .0365462 jewish | .0609421 .2807513 0.22 0.828 -.4896021 .6114863 noneoth | .0186747 .1842192 0.10 0.919 -.3425731 .3799225 attend | -.0938018 .0160693 -5.84 0.000 -.1253132 -.0622903 polviews | -.300876 .0325575 -9.24 0.000 -.3647201 -.2370318 year | .1153796 .0100017 11.54 0.000 .0957665 .1349928 _cons | -223.1263 19.77957 -11.28 0.000 -261.9133 -184.3392 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . regress famres inlab notin prop hours spin spnot widow married nevmar childs age educ maedu > c white south midwest srcbelt cath baps jew noneoth attend polviews year if period==2 Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 5971 -------------+------------------------------ F( 24, 5946) = 97.92 Model | 7891.92583 24 328.830243 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 19967.0602 5946 3.35806597 R-squared = 0.2833 -------------+------------------------------ Adj R-squared = 0.2804 Total | 27858.9861 5970 4.66649683 Root MSE = 1.8325 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ famresp | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- inlaborf | .8411394 .1021441 8.23 0.000 .6408999 1.041379 notinlbf | .280961 .1038363 2.71 0.007 .0774042 .4845178 propinc | -.0268597 .1151119 -0.23 0.816 -.2525209 .1988015 hours | .0142309 .0023847 5.97 0.000 .009556 .0189058 spinlabo | .486632 .5558707 0.88 0.381 -.6030764 1.57634 spnotinl | .3560664 .5594499 0.64 0.525 -.7406585 1.452791 widowed | -.3661764 .0985405 -3.72 0.000 -.5593516 -.1730013 married | -.412249 .1020254 -4.04 0.000 -.6122557 -.2122422 nevmar | -.2046429 .084719 -2.42 0.016 -.370723 -.0385629 childs | .0344647 .0163106 2.11 0.035 .0024899 .0664394 age | -.0292639 .0021003 -13.93 0.000 -.0333813 -.0251466 educ | .1140142 .0099065 11.51 0.000 .0945939 .1334345 maeduc | .0221761 .0084089 2.64 0.008 .0056916 .0386606 white | -.1565082 .0686073 -2.28 0.023 -.2910033 -.022013 south | -.0066453 .0590214 -0.11 0.910 -.1223488 .1090581 midwest | .0737931 .0621487 1.19 0.235 -.0480408 .1956271 srcbelt | .0140484 .0377807 0.37 0.710 -.0600154 .0881122 cath | -.1582521 .0714856 -2.21 0.027 -.2983897 -.0181144 bapsect | -.4126472 .0653421 -6.32 0.000 -.5407415 -.2845529 jewish | -.1556523 .1767468 -0.88 0.379 -.5021401 .1908356 noneoth | -.314937 .0920611 -3.42 0.001 -.4954103 -.1344638 attend | -.1105292 .0099118 -11.15 0.000 -.1299599 -.0910986 polviews | -.2436333 .0187988 -12.96 0.000 -.2804858 -.2067809 year | .0107746 .0073846 1.46 0.145 -.0037018 .025251 _cons | -15.21493 14.71247 -1.03 0.301 -44.0567 13.62685 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .