The broad objective of the research described here was to investigate the use of supplemental passive energy dissipation in "non-emulative" precast concrete wall and frame building structures. Traditionally, precast structures in seismic regions have been designed to emulate the behavior of monolithic cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, largely because of limited knowledge about their seismic behavior. Since the 1990s, the precast concrete industry has emphasized structures that do not emulate monolithic cast-in-place concrete structures largely because of their economy, construction simplicity, and desirable seismic characteristics such as a self-centering capability and an ability to undergo "large" nonlinear displacements with little damage. The greatest setback to the use of non-emulative precast concrete structures in seismic regions is that their lateral displacement demands during a severe earthquake may be larger than acceptable as a result of small energy dissipation.
In order to reduce the lateral displacement demands during a seismic event, the project conducted analytical and experimental investigations of non-emulative precast concrete structures with supplemental passive energy dissipation to achieve the following four specific objectives: (1) to investigate the use of passive energy dissipation systems that have been previously developed for monolithic cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures in non-emulative precast structures; (2) to develop new passive energy dissipation systems that take advantage of the unique characteristics of non-emulative precast structures; (3) to develop seismic analysis methods and tools for non-emulative precast structures with supplemental passive energy dissipation; and (4) to develop seismic design and analysis guidelines and recommendations for non-emulative precast structures with supplemental passive energy dissipation.
The project investigated the use of viscous fluid dampers, friction dampers, and supplemental mild steel reinforcement to reduce the lateral displacements of post-tensioned precast concrete wall structures. In addition, a new type of friction damper for post-tensioned precast concrete frame structures was designed and developed at the University of Notre Dame, including dynamic experiments of full-scale isolated dampers and pseudo-static reverse cyclic lateral load experiments of 80%-scale beam-column joint subassemblies that use these dampers. Extensive analytical and design tasks were conducted based on the experimental results.
More information on the project can be found in the publications and presentations listed below. |
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| Research Team |
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Faculty Supervisor: Yahya C. Kurama
Graduate Research Assistant: Brian Morgen (Ph.D., expected 2005)
Undergraduate Students: Kirubel Beyene (B.S.C.E., 2004), Meghan Myers (B.S.C.E., 2004), Joseph Zmuda (B.S.C.E., 2003), Scott Leblang (B.S.C.E., 2003), Timothy Ruggaber (B.S.C.E., 2003), Matthew Horney (B.S.C.E., 2002), Stephen Wolf (B.S.C.E., 2002), Vincent DeSapio (B.S.C.E., 2001), Brian Smith (B.S.C.E., 2001) |
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| Video Clips |
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Please click here. |
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| Refereed Journal Publications (Published, In-Print, or Accepted) |
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “A Friction Damper for Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Moment Frames,” PCI Journal, Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, Vol. 49, No. 4, July-August 2004, pp. 112-133.
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Kurama, Y., “Hybrid Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Walls for Use in Seismic Regions,” PCI Journal, Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, Vol. 47, No. 5, September-October 2002, pp. 36-59.
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Kurama, Y., "Simplified Seismic Design Approach for Friction-Damped Unbonded Post-Tensioned Precast Walls," ACI Structural Journal, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 98, No. 5, September-October 2001, pp. 705-716
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Kurama, Y., “Seismic Design of Unbonded Post-Tensioned Precast Walls with Supplemental Viscous Damping,” ACI Structural Journal, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 97, No. 4, July-August 2000, pp. 648-658.
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Kurama, Y., “Seismic Design of Partially Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Walls,” PCI Journal, Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute. (in print)
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| Refereed Journal Manuscripts (In Review) |
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “Seismic Design of Friction-Damped Precast Concrete Frame Structures,” Journal of Structural Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers.
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| Refereed Journal Manuscripts (In Preparation) |
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “Behavior of Friction-Damped Precast Concrete Beam-Column Joints,” Journal of Structural Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers.
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| Refereed Conference Publications |
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “A Friction Damper for Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Joints,” 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, BC, Canada, August 1-6, 2004, 15 pp.
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| Workshop and Conference Publications |
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “Seismic Design of Friction-Damped Precast Concrete Frame Structures,” ASCE Structures Congress, American Society of Civil Eng., New York, NY, April 20-24, 2005, 12 pp. (accepted for oral presentation)
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “A Cast-Steel Friction Damper for Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Frame Buildings,” session on Castings for Building, 57th National Technical and Operating Conference & Workshop, Steel Founders’ Society of America, Chicago, IL, November 5-8, 2003, 16 pp.
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Kurama, Y., “Unbonded Post-Tensioned Precast Walls with Supplemental Viscous Damping,” International Workshop on Seismic Isolation, Energy Dissipation, and Control of Structures, Guangzhou, China, May 6-8, 1999, pp. 213-220.
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| Other Technical Presentations |
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “Development of a Friction Damper for Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Joints”, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California, February 5-8, 2004.
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “A Friction Damper for Post-Tensioned Precast Beam-Column Joints,” Research and Development Committee Meeting, Annual Convention, Precast/Prestressed Concrete Inst., Orlando, Florida, Oct. 18, 2003.
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “Development of a Friction Damper for Post-Tensioned Precast Beam-to-Column Joints”, Spring Convention, American Concrete Institute, Vancouver, Canada, Mar. 30-Apr. 3, 2003.
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Kurama, Y., “Partially Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Walls,” session on Jointed Precast Systems for Low and High Seismic Zones, ACI-ASCE 550 Committee on Precast Concrete Structures, Spring Convention, American Concrete Institute, Vancouver, Canada, Mar. 30-Apr. 3, 2003.
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., “Development of a Friction Damper for Post-tensioned Precast Concrete Beam-to-Column Joints”, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute Annual Meeting, Portland, Oregon, February 5-8, 2003.
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Morgen, B. and Kurama, Y., Supplemental Energy Dissipation in Unbonded, Post-Tensioned, Precast Concrete Structures”, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute Annual Meeting, St. Louis, Missouri, May 31 – June 3, 2000.
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| Education and Outreach Lectures and Presentations |
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- Kurama, Y., “Shakes and Quakes: A Structural Engineer’s View,” Introduction to Engineering Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, July 2 and July 16, 2004, June 27 and July 8, 2003, June 28 and July 12, 2002.
- Kurama, Y., Christenson, R., Correa, T., Mei, G., and Morgen, B., “Shakes and Quakes-An Engineer’s View: Part 2,” Andrew Jackson Middle School, South Bend, IN, March 14, 2001.
- Kurama, Y., Myers, M., and Christenson, R., “Shakes and Quakes-An Engineer’s View: Part 1,” Andrew Jackson Middle School, South Bend, IN, February 28, 2001.
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| Acknowledgements |
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This research was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CMS 98-74872 as a part of the CAREER Program. The support of the NSF Program Directors Drs. S. C. Liu and S. L. McCabe is gratefully acknowledged. The researchers also acknowledge the technical and financial support provided by industry partnerships with: R. Monroe and D. Poweleit of the Steel Founders’ Society of America; R. Reddy of Southwest Steel Casting Company; C. Hilgeman and M. Fusani of Concrete Technology, Inc.; and K. Allen and D. Martin of Dywidag-Systems International, U.S.A, Inc. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed here are those of the researchers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF or the individuals and organizations acknowledged above. |
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